Daily stress and coping styles in adolescent hopelessness depression: Moderating effects of gender

• Published in: Personality and individual differences 2016-07, Vol.97, p.109-114
• Main Authors: Rodríguez-Naranjo, Carmen, Caño, Antonio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescence; Coping styles; Daily stress; Gender moderation; Hopelessness depression
• ISSN: 0191-8869; 1873-3549
• DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.03.027

The hopelessness depression (HD) theory assumes a number of contributing factors to the development of hopelessness expectations and HD symptoms. However, little research has been conducted in order to examine gender differences in the relationship of these factors with HD. This study explored the relationship of daily stress and coping styles with HD in adolescents and analysed the moderating effects of gender. Secondary students (N=480; aged 13–17) completed the Hopelessness Scale, the Hopelessness Depression Symptoms Questionnaire, the Problem Questionnaire and the Coping Across Situations Questionnaire. Using hierarchical regression analyses, results showed a moderating effect of gender on the relationship between daily stress and hopelessness expectations, which revealed a significant effect for boys despite the fact that girls experienced more daily stress than boys. Regarding coping styles, results showed that the avoidant coping style predicted HD independently of gender and, interestingly, a moderating effect of gender for the active and internal coping styles. While the active coping style showed a protective effect for HD symptoms in girls, the internal coping style played an analogous role in boys, suggesting that girls would benefit from being more action-prone and boys from being more reflection-prone in order to prevent HD. •Daily stress and coping styles contribute to adolescent's hopelessness depression.•Gender moderates the relation of stress and coping with hopelessness depression.•Gender moderation of daily stress suggests an inoculation effect in girls.•Avoidant coping predicts hopelessness depression disregarding gender.•Girls would benefit from being more action-prone whereas boys more reflection-prone.