Affective temperaments, as measured by TEMPS-A, among self-poisoning nonlethal suicide attempters

Abstract Suicidal behaviors are serious public health problems. The prominent association of mood disorders with suicide, along with the renaissance of the spectrum concept of psychiatric disorders in the recent decades, prioritizes the investigation of temperament variants in suicidal individuals....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Psychiatry research 2017-01, Vol.247, p.125-129
Main Authors: Ardani, Amir Rezaei, Hosseini, Farhad Farid, Asadpour, Zahra, Hashemian, Amir Masoud, Dadpour, Bita, Nahidi, Mahsa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Affective Symptoms - psychology
Case-Control Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Humans
Male
Mood Disorders - psychology
Poisoning - psychology
Psychiatry
Suicide, Attempted - psychology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Temperament
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Suicidal behaviors are serious public health problems. The prominent association of mood disorders with suicide, along with the renaissance of the spectrum concept of psychiatric disorders in the recent decades, prioritizes the investigation of temperament variants in suicidal individuals. This study aimed to explore the relationship between affective temperaments and nonviolent suicide attempts. We administered Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Auto questionnaire (TEMPS-A) to 141 (27 males and 114 females) consecutive self-poisoning non-lethal suicide attempters at a Medical Toxicology Center and a sex and age matched group of healthy individuals (28 males, 112 females). Female suicide attempters scored significantly higher in depressive, cyclothymic, irritable, and anxious temperaments compared with female controls, whereas male cases’ scores were significantly higher in depressive and anxious subscales compared with control males. Except for hyperthymic temperament which did not reveal any significant effects, depressive (OR: 11.5), cyclothymic (OR: 3.8), irritable (OR: 2.3), and anxious (OR: 8.8) temperaments were predictors for nonviolent suicide attempts. Therefore, this study replicated the evidence for the strong association of depressive temperament with suicide attempts. The hyperthymic temperament appeared to have neither protective nor predisposing influence. Further studies are needed to identify the role of this independent temperament.
ISSN:0165-1781
1872-7123
DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.10.086