100GHz ultra-high Q-factor photonic crystal resonators

• Published in: Sensors and actuators. A. Physical. 2014-09, Vol.217, p.151-159
• Main Authors: Otter, William J., Hanham, Stephen M., Ridler, Nick M., Marino, Giuseppe, Klein, Norbert, Lucyszyn, Stepan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bulk micromachining; Electromagnetic band gap; Photonic crystal; Q-factor; Resonator; Silicon
• ISSN: 0924-4247; 1873-3069
• DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2014.06.022

•Experimental and simulated results show that at 100GHz a loaded Q-factor of 5000 and 8700.•The uncertainty in the experimental results has been analyzed and a new technique of propagating uncertainty in S-parameter measurements for the determination of Q-factor is given.•This uncertainty analysis gives an unloaded Q-factor of 9040±300. We demonstrate an ultra-high Q-factor photonic crystal resonator operating in the millimeter-wave band, which is suitable for use as an integrated sensing platform. Experimental results show that at 100GHz a loaded Q-factor of 5000 and 8700 can be achieved with a strongly and weakly coupled cavity design, respectively. The uncertainty in the experimental results has been analyzed and a new technique of propagating uncertainty in S-parameter measurements for the determination of Q-factor is given. The result of this uncertainty analysis gives an unloaded Q-factor of 9040±300; being fundamentally limited to ∼10000 by the intrinsic dielectric loss of the high resistivity silicon substrate. Utilizing standard bulk-micromachining of silicon, the resonators can be monolithically integrated into RFICs and MMICs for applications including liquid and gas sensing.