Fast-response hydrogen sulfide gas sensor based on electrospinning Co3O4 nanofibers-modified CuO nanoflowers: Experimental and DFT calculation

In this paper, copper oxide nanoflower/cobalt tetroxide nanofiber (CuO/Co3O4) composites are synthesized by hydrothermal method and electrospinning technology, and a high-performance gas sensor for H2S is successfully prepared. The morphology, microstructure and elemental composition of the material...

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Published in:Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Chemical, 2023-12, Vol.396, p.134579, Article 134579
Main Authors: Wang, Jianghao, Zhang, Dongzhi, Gao, Yonghai, Chen, Fengjiao, Wang, Tian, Xia, Hao, Sui, Xiaoxiao, Wang, Zihu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
CuO/Co3O4 nanocomposites
DFT calculation
Electrospinning technology
H2S sensor
Heterojunction
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Summary:In this paper, copper oxide nanoflower/cobalt tetroxide nanofiber (CuO/Co3O4) composites are synthesized by hydrothermal method and electrospinning technology, and a high-performance gas sensor for H2S is successfully prepared. The morphology, microstructure and elemental composition of the materials are characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS. The CuO/Co3O4 sensor has the best response to H2S when the mass percentage of Co3O4 is 25 wt%, and the response is the highest at the operating temperature of 200 °C. By comparison, CuO/Co3O4 sensor has higher response (194 %@25 ppm) and faster response/recovery time (6 s/25 s@25 ppm) at the optimum temperature. It also has excellent repeatability, long-term stability and selectivity. According to the analysis, the improvement of H2S gas sensing properties of CuO/Co3O4 sensor is mainly due to the larger specific surface area brings more active sites, which promotes the adsorption of gas on the material surface. At the same time, the p-p heterojunction at the contact interface of CuO/Co3O4 nanocomposites also plays a very important role. In addition, theoretical calculation based on the first principle further reveals the improvement of H2S gas sensing performance of CuO/Co3O4 nanocomposites. •CuO nanoflowers modified by electrospun Co3O4 nanofibers were prepared.•CuO/Co3O4 sensor showed ultra short response/recovery time to H2S at 200 °C.•The gas sensing mechanism was studied by density functional theory calculation.
ISSN:0925-4005
1873-3077
DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2023.134579