Backpackers’ perceived risks towards smartphone usage and risk reduction strategies: A mixed methods study

• Published in: Tourism management (1982) 2019-06, Vol.72, p.52-68
• Main Authors: Dayour, Frederick, Park, Sangwon, Kimbu, Albert N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Backpackers; Mixed methods; Perceived risk; Risk reduction; Smartphones
• ISSN: 0261-5177; 1879-3193
• DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2018.11.003

Backpackers' travel ideology and experiences are increasingly being mediated by mobile phones (i.e. smartphones). This study explored their risk perceptions towards smartphone usage and consequent risk reduction strategies. Importantly, this paper proposes an integrated model of perceived risk combining technology and destination related risk factors. Employing a quantitative-dominant concurrent nested mixed methods approach, 567 surveys (Study A) and 15 in depth, semi-structured interviews (Study B) were conducted in Ghana. Evidently, backpackers’ perceived risk towards smartphone usage is a function of both information technology and destination related risks. Their risk concerns are inhibited by trust in smartphones, innovativeness and familiarity. Levels of trust had a significant positive impact on their intentions to reuse the device, as did their satisfaction levels with the device and travel. Backpackers used a mix of both cognitive and non-cognitive measures to manage their risk perceptions. The theoretical, practical and methodological contributions of the study are discussed. •Study explored backpackers' risk perceptions towards smartphone usage.•Used a quantitative-dominant current nested mixed methods approach.•Study A investigated backpackers risk perceptions while Study B examined their risk reduction strategies.•Proposed an integrated model of perceived risk combining technology and destination related risks factors.•Backpackers used a mix of cognitive and non-cognitive risk reduction strategies against their risk concerns.