Ammonium Persulfate Derived N,S-Dual-Doped GrapheneA Versatile Bifunctional Electrode for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Sensing

• Published in: Energy & fuels 2024-08, Vol.38 (16), p.15721-15743
• Main Authors: Suresh Balaji, S., Sangamithirai, D., Gopi Krishna, K. R., Pandurangan, A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ammonium persulfate; Batteries and Energy Storage; capacitance; electrochemical capacitors; electrochemistry; electrodes; energy; energy density; graphene; graphene oxide; hydroquinone; nanomaterials; resorcinol; tap water
• ISSN: 0887-0624; 1520-5029; 1520-5029
• DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c01363

Bifunctional properties of nanomaterials are currently more focused as well as advantageous in various domains of electrochemistry. The supercapacitor analyses show that the N,S dual-doped graphene derived from ammonium persulfate (APS) and graphene oxide (GO) in a weight ratio of 1:1 delivered an increased gravimetric capacitance of 393 F g–1 in 1 M H2SO4 solution at 0.5 A g–1. The full-cell investigations revealed that the symmetric APSGO-1 cell in 0.01 M KI/1 M H2SO4 attained the energy density of 24 W h kg–1 at 2 A g–1 along with 92% retention from its initial capacitance over 10,000 cycles. The glassy carbon electrodes modified with APSGO (APSGO/GCE) were investigated for electrochemical sensing of dihydroxybenzene isomers, specifically hydroquinone (HQ) and resorcinol (RS). The material demonstrated the ability to simultaneously sense both isomers, displaying well-defined peaks and an adequate potential difference between them. Sensing analysis revealed that APSGO1/GCE exhibited superior performance, achieving low detection limits of 0.1 and 0.2 μM in the linear range from 0.3 to 200.0 μM for HQ and RS, respectively, in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7.0). The practical applicability of the APSGO1/GCE sensor was successfully demonstrated in tap water samples, yielding promising results.