Mechanism of Resistance of Evolved Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri)

Evolved glyphosate resistance in weedy species represents a challenge for the continued success and utility of glyphosate-resistant crops. Glyphosate functions by inhibiting the plant enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). The resistance mechanism was determined in a population...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2011-06, Vol.59 (11), p.5886-5889
Main Authors: Gaines, Todd A, Shaner, Dale L, Ward, Sarah M, Leach, Jan E, Preston, Christopher, Westra, Philip
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase - antagonists & inhibitors
3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase - genetics
3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase - metabolism
Amaranthus - drug effects
Amaranthus - enzymology
Amaranthus - genetics
Biological and medical sciences
Cereal and baking product industries
Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology
Food industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene Dosage
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects
Glycine - analogs & derivatives
Glycine - pharmacology
Glyphosate
Herbicide Resistance
Herbicides - pharmacology
Plant Proteins - antagonists & inhibitors
Plant Proteins - genetics
Plant Proteins - metabolism
Plant Weeds - drug effects
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Summary:Evolved glyphosate resistance in weedy species represents a challenge for the continued success and utility of glyphosate-resistant crops. Glyphosate functions by inhibiting the plant enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). The resistance mechanism was determined in a population of glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth from Georgia (U.S.). Within this population, glyphosate resistance correlates with increases in (a) genomic copy number of EPSPS, (b) expression of the EPSPS transcript, (c) EPSPS protein level, and (d) EPSPS enzymatic activity. Dose response results from the resistant and an F2 population suggest that between 30 and 50 EPSPS genomic copies are necessary to survive glyphosate rates between 0.5 and 1.0 kg ha−1. These results further confirm the role of EPSPS gene amplification in conferring glyphosate resistance in this population of Palmer amaranth. Questions remain related to how the EPSPS amplification initially occurred and the occurrence of this mechanism in other Palmer amaranth populations and other glyphosate-resistant species.
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf104719k