Caloric restriction or catalase inactivation extends yeast chronological lifespan by inducing H 2 O 2 and superoxide dismutase activity

The free radical theory of aging posits oxidative damage to macromolecules as a primary determinant of lifespan. Recent studies challenge this theory by demonstrating that in some cases, longevity is enhanced by inactivation of oxidative stress defenses or is correlated with increased, rather than d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2010-08, Vol.107 (34), p.15123-15128
Main Authors: Mesquita, Ana, Weinberger, Martin, Silva, Alexandra, Sampaio-Marques, Belém, Almeida, Bruno, Leão, Cecilia, Costa, Vitor, Rodrigues, Fernando, Burhans, William C., Ludovico, Paula, Sherman, Fred
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Caloric restriction
Free radicals
Hydrogen
Longevity
Oxidative stress
Peroxides
Proteins
Saccharomycetales
Steepest descent method
Superoxides
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Summary:The free radical theory of aging posits oxidative damage to macromolecules as a primary determinant of lifespan. Recent studies challenge this theory by demonstrating that in some cases, longevity is enhanced by inactivation of oxidative stress defenses or is correlated with increased, rather than decreased reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage. Here we show that, in Saccharomyces caloric restriction or inactivation of catalases extends chronological lifespan by inducing elevated levels of the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide, which activate superoxide dismutases that inhibit the accumulation of superoxide anions. Increased hydrogen peroxide in catalase-deficient cells extends chronological lifespan despite parallel increases in oxidative damage. These findings establish a role for hormesis effects of hydrogen peroxide in promoting longevity that have broad implications for understanding aging and age-related diseases.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1004432107