Mutation Frequencies in Female Mice and the Estimation of Genetic Hazards of Radiation in Women

• Published in: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 1977-08, Vol.74 (8), p.3523-3527
• Main Author: Russell, W. L.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Female; Female animals; Gene Frequency; Genetic mutation; Human genetics; Humans; Irradiation; Mice; Mutation - radiation effects; Oocytes; Ovulation; Radiation dosage; Radiation Genetics; Radiation tolerance; Regression Analysis; Sex Factors; Species Specificity
• ISSN: 0027-8424; 1091-6490
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.74.8.3523

The female germ cell stage of primary importance in radiation genetic hazards is the immature, arrested oocyte. In the mouse, this stage has a near zero or zero sensitivity to mutation induction by radiation. However, the application of these mouse results to women has been questioned on the ground that the mouse arrested oocytes are highly sensitive to killing by radiation, while the human cells are not; and, furthermore, that the mature and maturing oocytes in the mouse, which are resistant to killing, are sensitive to mutation induction. The present results have a 2-fold bearing on this problem. First, a more detailed analysis of oocyte-stage sensitivity to killing and mutation induction shows that there is no consistent correlation, either negative or positive, between the two. This indicates that the sensitivity to cell killing of the mouse immature oocyte may not be sufficient reason to prevent its use in predicting the mutational response of the human immature oocyte. Second, if the much more cautious assumption is made that the human arrested oocyte might be as mutationally sensitive as the most sensitive of all oocyte stages in the mouse, namely the maturing and mature ones, then the present data on the duration of these stages permit more accurate estimates than were heretofore possible on the mutational response of these stages to chronic irradiation.