Bacterial and Archaeal Community Structure in the Surface Diatom Sediments of Deep Freshwater Lake Baikal (Eastern Siberia)

Diatom sediment records of large lakes can be used to decipher the history of ancient phytoplankton. The upper layer of the sediment is an important area of remineralization of the sedimenting phytoplankton biomass. It hosts a bacterial community different from those of both the water column and dee...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geomicrobiology journal 2018-09, Vol.35 (8), p.635-647
Main Authors: Zakharova, Yulia R., Petrova, Darya P., Galachyants, Yuri P., Bashenkhaeva, Maria V., Kurilkina, Maria I., Likhoshway, Yelena V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
454 pyrosequencing
Archaea
Bacteria
Biodegradation
Columnar structure
Communities
Community structure
Composition
Diatoms
Freshwater
Freshwater lakes
Inland water environment
Lake Baikal
Lake sediments
Lakes
Nucleic acids
Organic matter
Phytoplankton
Plankton
Remineralization
Ribonucleic acid
RNA
rRNA
Sediment
Sediments
surface sediments
Valves
Water column
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Summary:Diatom sediment records of large lakes can be used to decipher the history of ancient phytoplankton. The upper layer of the sediment is an important area of remineralization of the sedimenting phytoplankton biomass. It hosts a bacterial community different from those of both the water column and deeper sediment layers. In this work, we analyzed the structure and diversity of the communities of Bacteria and Archaea in the surface sediment core containing valves of diatoms, the major producers in Lake Baikal. Pyrosequencing of the bacterial V3-V4 region of the 16 S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and archaeal V1-V3 16 S rRNA gene regions yielded 29,168 and 36,997 reads, respectively. In total, we have identified 33 bacterial phyla; uncultured Actinobacteria were the most abundant in the upper layers, while lower sediment was dominated by Firmicutes and Alphaproteobacteria. The composition of the archaeal community changed with depth, but was generally dominated by Crenarchaeota from the classes Marine Group I and Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotic Group, as well as Euryarchaeota from the class Thermoplasmata. These dominant bacterial and archaeal taxa are presumed to participate in the destruction of buried organic matter, which eventually leads to degradation of the diatom valves.
ISSN:0149-0451
1521-0529
DOI:10.1080/01490451.2018.1440036