Lead removal using biochars obtained from slow pyrolysis of dry and water-soaked pecan shell biomass

Dried (nonactivated) and water-soaked (activated) pecan shells were pyrolyzed at 450°C for 1 h. The pecan shells were heated in a reduced oxygen environment and cooled under positive pressure of nitrogen. Batch sorption experiments were done to evaluate the biochar's ability to adsorb lead from...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Separation science and technology 2020-07, Vol.55 (11), p.1947-1956
Main Authors: Crisler, Glenn B., Burk, Griffin A., Simmons, Patrice, Quigley, Mitchell, Mlsna, Todd
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aqueous solutions
Biochar
Charcoal
Chemical analysis
Infrared analysis
Lead
Morphology
Pecan Shell
Pyrolysis
Shells
Surface area
Water Activation
Water Remediation
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Summary:Dried (nonactivated) and water-soaked (activated) pecan shells were pyrolyzed at 450°C for 1 h. The pecan shells were heated in a reduced oxygen environment and cooled under positive pressure of nitrogen. Batch sorption experiments were done to evaluate the biochar's ability to adsorb lead from aqueous solution. Several characterization analyses were performed including FT-IR, elemental analysis, SEM, EDX, and BET. Nonactivated pecan shell biochar (NPSB) has an adsorption capacity of 36.5 mg/g and the water-activated pecan shell biochar (WPSB) adsorbs 61% more lead with a capacity of 58.6 mg/g. The yield of the WPSB is marginally higher than NPSB (34.8% and 33.7%, respectively); however, there are significant differences in the surface morphology. NPSB has a total surface area of 25.48 m 2 /g. Of this, 29.74% is micropore volume. After water activation, WPSB's total surface area increases to 41.51 m 2 /g and the micropore volume was significantly reduced.
ISSN:0149-6395
1520-5754
DOI:10.1080/01496395.2019.1617740