Inferring semantic organization from refractory access dysphasia: Further replication in the domains of geography and proper nouns but not concrete and abstract concepts

Patients with "refractory access dysphasia" have been a source of unique insight into the organization of previously unexplored domains of semantic knowledge (i.e., proper nouns, geography, concrete and abstract concepts). However, much of the relevant data have been based on the performan...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cognitive neuropsychology 2010-12, Vol.27 (8), p.614-635
Main Authors: Hamilton, A. Cris, Martin, Randi C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abstract concepts
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Aged, 80 and over
Aphasia - diagnosis
Aphasia - physiopathology
Aphasia - psychology
Biological and medical sciences
Cognitive ability
Concept Formation - physiology
Disorders of higher nervous function. Focal brain diseases. Central vestibular syndrome and deafness. Brain stem syndromes
Dysphasia
Famous people
Female
Geography
Humans
Knowledge
Language Tests
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Male
Matching tasks
Medical sciences
Names
Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes)
Neurology
Neuropsychological Tests
Nouns
Organic mental disorders. Neuropsychology
Photic Stimulation
Problem Solving - physiology
Proper nouns
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Recognition (Psychology) - physiology
Refractory access
Semantic organization
Semantics
Vascular diseases and vascular malformations of the nervous system
Vocabulary
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Summary:Patients with "refractory access dysphasia" have been a source of unique insight into the organization of previously unexplored domains of semantic knowledge (i.e., proper nouns, geography, concrete and abstract concepts). However, much of the relevant data have been based on the performance of a small number of patients. Here, we present 2 patients who both display a "refractory access" pattern of performance on spoken-word-written-word matching tasks and test their performance in the domains of famous people, geography, and abstract and concrete words. While these patients show performance similar to that for the previously reported patients in the domains of famous people and geography, they show a very different pattern of performance with abstract and concrete nouns. We discuss possible reasons why patients may differ in performance and evidence for and against the "differential frameworks" hypothesis for the organization of concrete and abstract concepts.
ISSN:0264-3294
1464-0627
DOI:10.1080/02643294.2011.609541