Genetic-based signatures of the latitudinal differences in chronotype

The natural cycles of night and day, and their length, remain stable in near-equatorial African regions but they vary with latitude and season in Eurasia. This new environmental factor might shape the adaptation of circadian rhythms of Eurasians after the out-of-African dispersal of their African an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biological rhythm research 2019-03, Vol.50 (2), p.255-271
Main Authors: Putilov, Arcady A., Dorokhov, Vladimir B., Puchkova, Alexandra N., Arsenyev, Gleb N., Sveshnikov, Dmitry S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
1000 genomes project
Circadian rhythm
Circadian rhythms
Data processing
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Dispersal
DNA
Environmental factors
Gene frequency
Genetic diversity
Genome-wide association studies
Genomes
Homo neanderthalensis
Latitude
latitudinal cline
migration out of Africa
morning-evening preference
Neanderthal's genome
Polygenic inheritance
polygenic selection
Pseudogenes
skin pigmentation
SNP
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Summary:The natural cycles of night and day, and their length, remain stable in near-equatorial African regions but they vary with latitude and season in Eurasia. This new environmental factor might shape the adaptation of circadian rhythms of Eurasians after the out-of-African dispersal of their African ancestors. To identify the genetic-based signatures of this adaptation, geographic variation in allele frequencies of more than 2300 genetic variants was analyzed using data from 5 African and 11 Eurasian populations of the 1000 Genomes Project. The genetic signatures of latitude-dependent polygenic selection were found more frequently within non-coding DNA regions associated with morningness-eveningness in genome-wide association studies (GWASs) than among polymorphisms hinted by GWASs of other traits/diseases and among polymorphisms sampled from pseudogenes and from protein-coding regions in either circadian clock genes or reference genes. Some of such variants were located within the introgressions of the Neanderthal's genome into the genomes of Eurasians.
ISSN:0929-1016
1744-4179
DOI:10.1080/09291016.2018.1465249