β-Asarone content and essential oil composition of Acorus calamus L. rhizomes from Estonia

The rhizomes' essential oils of Acorus calamus L. grown in Estonia were analyzed using SDE micro-method for oil isolation, GC/FID with two columns of different polarities and GC/MS for identification and quantification of oil composition. The oil yield was 2.4-3.3%. Seventy-two constituents wer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of essential oil research 2016-07, Vol.28 (4), p.299-304
Main Authors: Raal, A., Orav, A., Gretchushnikova, T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acorenone
Acorus calamus L
essential oil composition
preisocalamendiol
shyobunone
β-asarone
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Summary:The rhizomes' essential oils of Acorus calamus L. grown in Estonia were analyzed using SDE micro-method for oil isolation, GC/FID with two columns of different polarities and GC/MS for identification and quantification of oil composition. The oil yield was 2.4-3.3%. Seventy-two constituents were identified from three A. calamus samples comprising over 95% of the oils. β-Asarone (85.3%) was the major constituent in one sample (a characteristic of tetraploid A. calamus). Two samples (probably triploid caryotype) had lower percentage of β-asarone (9.3-10.2), but more acorenone (22.4-27.5%), shyobunone (8.2-13.7%), preisocalamendiol (8.1%) and isoacorone (2.8-5,0%). Strong negative correlations between the contents of β-asarone and other principal compounds of A. calamus oil were found. The β-asarone-rich chemotype of A. calamus was found to be growing in Europe for the first time.
ISSN:1041-2905
2163-8152
DOI:10.1080/10412905.2016.1147391