Creating tissues from textiles: scalable nonwoven manufacturing techniques for fabrication of tissue engineering scaffolds

Electrospun nonwovens have been used extensively for tissue engineering applications due to their inherent similarities with respect to fibre size and morphology to that of native extracellular matrix (ECM). However, fabrication of large scaffold constructs is time consuming, may require harsh organ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomedical materials (Bristol) 2016-02, Vol.11 (1), p.015017-015017
Main Authors: Tuin, S A, Pourdeyhimi, B, Loboa, E G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipogenesis - physiology
Biocompatible Materials - chemical synthesis
Biomedical materials
Cell Differentiation - physiology
Cell Survival - physiology
Cells, Cultured
Differentiation
Economics
Electrospinning
Equipment Design
Equipment Failure Analysis
human adipose derived stem cells
Humans
Industry standards
Lactic Acid - chemistry
Materials Testing
nonwoven tissue engineering scaffolds
Osteogenesis - physiology
Polyesters
Polymers - chemistry
Scaffolds
scalable tissue engineering
Stem Cells - cytology
Stem Cells - physiology
Strategy
Textiles
Tissue engineering
Tissue Engineering - instrumentation
Tissue Engineering - methods
Tissue Scaffolds
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Summary:Electrospun nonwovens have been used extensively for tissue engineering applications due to their inherent similarities with respect to fibre size and morphology to that of native extracellular matrix (ECM). However, fabrication of large scaffold constructs is time consuming, may require harsh organic solvents, and often results in mechanical properties inferior to the tissue being treated. In order to translate nonwoven based tissue engineering scaffold strategies to clinical use, a high throughput, repeatable, scalable, and economic manufacturing process is needed. We suggest that nonwoven industry standard high throughput manufacturing techniques (meltblowing, spunbond, and carding) can meet this need. In this study, meltblown, spunbond and carded poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nonwovens were evaluated as tissue engineering scaffolds using human adipose derived stem cells (hASC) and compared to electrospun nonwovens. Scaffolds were seeded with hASC and viability, proliferation, and differentiation were evaluated over the course of 3 weeks. We found that nonwovens manufactured via these industry standard, commercially relevant manufacturing techniques were capable of supporting hASC attachment, proliferation, and both adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of hASC, making them promising candidates for commercialization and translation of nonwoven scaffold based tissue engineering strategies.
ISSN:1748-6041
1748-605X
1748-605X
DOI:10.1088/1748-6041/11/1/015017