Detection and Prevalence of Drug Use in Arrested Drivers Using the Dräger Drug Test 5000 and Affiniton DrugWipe Oral Fluid Drug Screening Devices

The use of oral fluid (OF) drug testing devices offers the ability to rapidly obtain a drug screening result at the time of a traffic stop. We describe an evaluation of two such devices, the Dräger Drug Test 5000 and the Affiniton DrugWipe, to detect drug use in a cohort of drivers arrested from an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of analytical toxicology 2014-09, Vol.38 (7), p.444-450
Main Authors: Logan, Barry K., Mohr, Amanda L. A., Talpins, Stephen K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Automobile Driving - legislation & jurisprudence
Cohort Studies
Crime
Equipment Design
Female
Florida
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Reproducibility of Results
Saliva - chemistry
Sensitivity and Specificity
Specimen Handling
Street Drugs - analysis
Street Drugs - urine
Substance Abuse Detection - instrumentation
Substance Abuse Detection - methods
Substance-Related Disorders - diagnosis
Substance-Related Disorders - epidemiology
Young Adult
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Summary:The use of oral fluid (OF) drug testing devices offers the ability to rapidly obtain a drug screening result at the time of a traffic stop. We describe an evaluation of two such devices, the Dräger Drug Test 5000 and the Affiniton DrugWipe, to detect drug use in a cohort of drivers arrested from an investigation of drug impaired driving (n = 92). Overall, 41% of these drivers were ultimately confirmed positive by mass spectrometry for the presence of one or more drugs. The most frequently detected drugs were cannabinoids (30%), benzodiazepines (11%) and cocaine (10%). Thirty-nine percent of drivers with blood alcohol concentrations >0.08 g/100 mL were found to be drug positive. Field test results obtained from OF samples were compared with collected OF and urine samples subsequently analyzed in the laboratory by gas or liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. The Dräger Drug Test 5000 (DDT5000) and DrugWipe returned overall sensitivities of 51 and 53%, and positive predictive values of 93 and 63%, respectively. The most notable difference in performance was the DDT5000's better sensitivity in detecting marijuana use. Both devices failed to detect benzodiazepine use. Oral fluid proved to be a more effective confirmatory specimen, with more drugs being confirmed in OF than urine.
ISSN:0146-4760
1945-2403
DOI:10.1093/jat/bku050