An Efficient OFDM-Based Encryption Scheme Using a Dynamic Key Approach

Physical layer (PHY) security has emerged as a promising methodology for securing current and future networks that employ orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) technology. OFDM is the basic building block for multicarrier modulation in most contemporary networks such as vehicular ad hoc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE internet of things journal 2019-02, Vol.6 (1), p.361-378
Main Authors: Melki, Reem, Noura, Hassan N., Mansour, Mohammad M., Chehab, Ali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Cryptanalysis
Encryption
Fast Fourier transformations
Fourier transforms
Frequency division multiplexing
Frequency-domain analysis
Internet of Things
Mobile ad hoc networks
OFDM
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems
Physical layer
physical layer (PHY) encryption
Secrecy aspects
security and performance analysis
Time-domain analysis
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Summary:Physical layer (PHY) security has emerged as a promising methodology for securing current and future networks that employ orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) technology. OFDM is the basic building block for multicarrier modulation in most contemporary networks such as vehicular ad hoc networks, Internet of Things (IoT), as well as 4G/5G systems. Most existing OFDM-based security solutions lack the notion of secrecy and dynamicity when combining a secret key with random information extracted from the physical channel. Yet, some solutions perform encryption preinverse fast Fourier transform and some postinverse fast Fourier transform, without clear guidelines concerning the impact on performance and security. In this paper, OFDM-based encryption schemes at the PHY are investigated, analyzed, and weaknesses are identified. It is shown that encryption in the frequency domain slightly mitigates the effects of channel fading and improves the bit error-rate performance. On the other hand, time-domain encryption is shown to be more secure. Furthermore, a dynamic secret key approach that enhances the security level of OFDM-based encryption schemes, in addition to a new technique for updating cipher primitives for input OFDM symbols or frames, are proposed. These schemes are shown to strike a good balance between performance and security robustness as demonstrated through experimental simulations.
ISSN:2327-4662
2327-4662
DOI:10.1109/JIOT.2018.2846578