Mixed Finite Element Method for Full-Wave Simulation of Bioelectromagnetism From DC to Microwave Frequencies

Bioelectromagnetism focuses on the study of electromagnetic fields in biological tissues from direct current (DC) to optical frequencies. It is challenging to develop an electromagnetics (EM) simulation method to cover this entire frequency band due to the electrically small/large scattering problem...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on biomedical engineering 2020-10, Vol.67 (10), p.2765-2772
Main Authors: Hong, Ronghan, Chen, Ke, Hou, Xuanying, Sun, Qingtao, Liu, Na, Liu, Qing Huo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bandwidths
bioelectromagnetism
Biological system modeling
Biological tissues
Breakdown
Broadband
Computer simulation
Direct current
Electric breakdown
Electromagnetic fields
Electromagnetism
Extremely low frequencies
Finite element analysis
Finite element method
Frequencies
full-wave
Helmholtz equations
High frequencies
Low frequency
low frequency breakdown problem
Magnetic resonance imaging
Mathematical analysis
Mathematical model
Mathematical models
Microwave frequencies
Mixed finite element method (mixed FEM)
Simulation
Tissues
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Summary:Bioelectromagnetism focuses on the study of electromagnetic fields in biological tissues from direct current (DC) to optical frequencies. It is challenging to develop an electromagnetics (EM) simulation method to cover this entire frequency band due to the electrically small/large scattering problem at extremely low/high frequencies. This paper focuses on the band from DC to microwave frequencies in bioelectromagnetism. Its main research objective is to develop a method that can overcome the low frequency breakdown problem at low frequencies (practically DC) and still stay stable at microwave frequencies. Based on the scattered field vector Helmholtz equation, the mixed finite element method (mixed FEM) is developed for the broadband electromagnetic field simulation in biological tissues. By imposing Gauss' law as the constraint condition, the mixed FEM overcomes the low frequency breakdown problem without resorting to the quasi-static approximation and remains effective and accurate at high frequencies. Extremely low frequency and high frequency numerical results are demonstrated to verify that the mixed FEM is a stable full-wave electromagnetic field simulation method for the full-bandwidth bioelectromagnetism.
ISSN:0018-9294
1558-2531
DOI:10.1109/TBME.2020.2970607