Pharmacokinetics of cefonicid in lactating goats after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration, and after a long‐acting formulation for subcutaneous administration

• Published in: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics 2020-01, Vol.43 (1), p.50-56
• Main Authors: Badillo, Elena, Escudero, Elisa, Hernandis, Verónica, Galecio, Juan Sebastián, Marín, Pedro
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: cefonicid; cephalosporins; goats; long‐acting formulation; pharmacokinetics
• ISSN: 0140-7783; 1365-2885
• DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12825

The single‐dose disposition kinetics of cefonicid were determined in clinically normal lactating goats (n = 6) after intravenous (IV), intramuscular (IM) and subcutaneous (SC) administration of a conventional formulation, and after subcutaneous administration of a long‐acting formulation (SC‐LA). Cefonicid concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. The concentration–time data were analysed by noncompartmental pharmacokinetic methods. Steady‐state volume of distribution (Vss) and clearance (Cl) of cefonicid after IV administration were 0.14 ± 0.03 L/kg and 0.51 ± 0.07 L/h·kg, respectively. Following IM, SC and SC‐LA administration, cefonicid achieved maximum plasma concentrations of 14.46 ± 0.82, 11.98 ± 1.92 and 17.17 ± 2.45 mg/L at 0.26 ± 0.13, 0.42 ± 0.13 and 0.83 ± 0.20 hr, respectively. The absolute bioavailabilities after IM, SC and SC‐LA routes were 75.34 ± 11.28%, 71.03 ± 19.14% and 102.84 ± 15.155%, respectively. After cefonicid analysis from milk samples, no concentrations were found above LOQ at any sampling time. From these data, cefonicid administered at 20 mg/kg each 12 hr after SC‐LA could be effective to treat bacterial infections in lactating animals not affected by mastitis problems.