Mechanism-Based Cancer Risk Assessment of Butylated Hydroxyanisole

The evidence for BHA-induced carcinogenicity is restricted to the rodent non-glandular stomach, which is not found in humans. Although an argument can be made that an effect in this target organ could be indicative of potential carcinogenicity in other tissues, particularly the esophagus, studies ha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxicology and industrial health 1993-01, Vol.9 (1-2), p.283-293
Main Author: Whysner, John
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Butylated Hydroxyanisole - adverse effects
Butylated Hydroxyanisole - metabolism
Carcinogenicity Tests
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - chemically induced
Cell Division - drug effects
Cocarcinogenesis
Cricetinae
Dogs
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Esophagus - drug effects
Female
Health Status Indicators
Hyperplasia - chemically induced
Macaca fascicularis
Male
Mesocricetus
Papilloma - chemically induced
Rats
Rats, Inbred F344
Rats, Wistar
Shrews
Species Specificity
Stomach - pathology
Stomach Neoplasms - chemically induced
Swine
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Summary:The evidence for BHA-induced carcinogenicity is restricted to the rodent non-glandular stomach, which is not found in humans. Although an argument can be made that an effect in this target organ could be indicative of potential carcinogenicity in other tissues, particularly the esophagus, studies have not revealed such a correlation. BHA-induced proliferative effects, which appear to be critical for the tumorigenic response, show a NOEL at a dose below that yielding benign tumors. The NOEL of this BHA-induced proliferative effect demonstrates a substantial margin of safety compared to human intake of BHA. Thus based on both dose-response considerations and the species-specific response, the use of BHA as a food additive does not pose a carcinogenic risk in humans.
ISSN:0748-2337
1477-0393
DOI:10.1177/0748233793009001-220