“How Fluent Do I Need to Be to Say I’m Fluent?” Research Experiences of Communities that Speak Languages Other than English

• Published in: Community health equity research & policy (Print) 2025-01, Vol.45 (2), p.111-125
• Main Authors: Schweiberger, Kelsey, Migliori, Olivia, Mbangah, Mayah, Arena, Constanza, Diaz, Jenny, Liu, Sabrina Yowchyi, Kihumbu, Benoit, Rijal, Benu, Mwaliya, Aweys, Castillo Smyntek, Ximena Alejandra, Hoffman, Henry, Timsina, Khara, Salib, Yesmina, Amodei, Joseph, Perez, Abby Jo, Chaves-Gnecco, Diego, Ho, Ken, Mugwaneza, Kheir, Sidani, Jaime, Ragavan, Maya I.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Affinity; Audio data; Clustering; Community; Community organizations; Data collection; English as a second language; English language; Interviews; Languages; Medical research; Non-English languages; Organizations; Qualitative analysis; Recruitment
• ISSN: 2752-535X; 2752-5368
• DOI: 10.1177/2752535X241238095

Objective The goal of this study was to partner with community organizations to understand the research experiences of communities who speak languages other than English (LOE). Methods We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews in Spanish, Nepali, Mandarin, French, or Kizigua with LOE community members and community leaders who completed recruitment and data collection. Audio-recordings of the interviews were transcribed and translated. We conducted qualitative coding using a mixed deductive-inductive analysis approach and thematic analyses using three rounds of affinity clustering. This study occurred in partnership with an established community-academic collaboration. Results Thirty community members and six community leaders were interviewed. 83% of LOE participants were born outside of the US and most participants (63%) had never participated in a prior research study. Six themes emerged from this work. Many participants did not understand the concept of research, but those that did thought that inclusion of LOE communities is critical for equity. Even when research was understood as a concept, it was often inaccessible to LOE individuals, particularly because of the lack of language services. When LOE participants engaged in research, they did not always understand their participation. Participants thought that improving research trust was essential and recommended partnering with community organizations and disseminating research results to the community. Conclusion This study’s results can serve as an important foundation for researchers seeking to include LOE communities in future research to be more inclusive and scientifically rigorous.