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"M3-M6" Molecular Response Evolution As Early Predictor of Outcome Considering Generic Vs Branded TKIs for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): An Argentine Multicentric Study
Introduction: Early reduction of BCR-ABL transcript level has been associated with improved outcomes in CML treatment. Inability to achieve early molecular response(MR) at 3 months (M3>10%) is considered a predictor factor for unfavourable outcome. However, the kinetics of BCR-ABL transcript leve...
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Published in: | Blood 2016-12, Vol.128 (22), p.5445-5445 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Introduction: Early reduction of BCR-ABL transcript level has been associated with improved outcomes in CML treatment. Inability to achieve early molecular response(MR) at 3 months (M3>10%) is considered a predictor factor for unfavourable outcome. However, the kinetics of BCR-ABL transcript level reduction measured at early time points have shown to be an independent predictor of response.The aim of this analysis was to determine whether the "M3-M6" status is critical to categorize CML patients (pts) focusing in high-risk group.
Method: Molecular monitoring was performed in all pts prior treatment (M0), at months 3 (M3), 6 (M6), 12 (M12) and every 6 months thereafter, applying Q-PCR method according international recommendations. Results of BCR-ABL1 transcript level were reported on the international scale as IS-BCR-ABL %. Optimal responses: M3≤10%, M6≤1%, M12≤0,1%. Deep responses (MR4.0): ≤0,01% or undetectable/10.000 ABL copies.
Results: A total of 70 CML pts were included, median age 49 (19-82), female 39%. First line treatment: sustained branded 81% and generic 19% TKIs. Imatinib 59%, Dasatinib and Nilotinib 41%. Sokal risk score: low (L) 51%, intermediate (In) and high (H) 49%. Optimal responses at molecular milestones: 75% at M3, 72% at M6, 61% at M12 and 53% pts achieved MR4.0. Event-free survival (EFS) was evaluated according to time point M3: M3≤10% group had significantly better EFS compared with the M3>10% (96% vs 70%; P=0.028). M3-M6 status defined 4 groups of pts: M3≤10%-M6≤1%, M3≤10%-M6>1%, M3>10%-M6≤1%, M3>10%-M6>1%. Molecular response evolution by M3-M6 status is described in Table 1. EFS stratified by groups according to combined M3-M6 responses showed significant differences: 92% for group 1, 87% for group 2, 68% for group 3, 54% for group 4. (P=0.002). M6 time point was shown to be critical in 32 high-risk pts (H+In): 17 pts with M6 ≤1% showed significant differences in MR4.0 achievement compared to 15 pts with M6 >1% (82% vs 27% P=0.02). Better EFS was observed in this high-risk group under branded vs generic TKIs treatment (97% vs 54% P=0.04). Statistical differences in deep responses and MMR at M12 were observed between branded and generic TKIs independently of Sokal risk (P=0.06, P=0.02).
Conclusions: M3≤10% pts showed a favourable evolution with better EFS than M3>10% group. However not all patients with M31%. In pts with M3 >10% |
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ISSN: | 0006-4971 1528-0020 |
DOI: | 10.1182/blood.V128.22.5445.5445 |