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Floristics, phytosociology and biogeography of capitinga vegetation in a white sand habitat in the Chapada Diamantina Mountains, Brazil

Abstract Capitinga is poorly studied vegetation growing on small, scattered islands of fine, white sand surrounded by the latosol forests on the eastern flank of the Chapada Diamantina Mountains in northeastern Brazil. Our study characterized capitinga vegetation, its environmental features, and com...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Rodriguésia 2021, Vol.72
Main Authors: Funch, Ligia Silveira, Funch, Roy Richard, Rocha, Francimira Ferreira, Couto-Santos, Ana Paula Lima do, Branco, Mário Sérgio, Moro, Marcelo Freire
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:Abstract Capitinga is poorly studied vegetation growing on small, scattered islands of fine, white sand surrounded by the latosol forests on the eastern flank of the Chapada Diamantina Mountains in northeastern Brazil. Our study characterized capitinga vegetation, its environmental features, and compared its flora with the vegetation mosaic within the Espinhaço and Chapada Diamantina ranges. Floristic data was collected from 1999-2006, and phytosociological surveys were undertaken in 2004-2005 and 2016-2017 within fifteen 50 x 2 m plots (100 m2 each, 1500 m2 in total). Multivariate grouping and ordination analysis were used to examine the floristic affinities of capitinga vegetation. Sixty different species from 36 families were recorded overall, while a total of 4945 individuals distributed among 25 families and 33 species were recorded in the plots. The richest families were Fabaceae (7) and Apocynaceae (5), while the most abundant families were Arecaceae (61.5% of all individuals) and Velloziaceae (18.4%), represented by Syagrus harleyi and Vellozia dasypus respectively. Capitinga represents a distinct habitat conditioned by edaphic features, and its flora is unlike other vegetations in the Espinhaço or Chapada Diamantina ranges, with several locally endemic species. Resumo Capitinga é uma vegetação pouco estudada que cresce em pequenas ilhas de areia branca e fina e cercadas por florestas de latossolo no lado leste das Montanhas da Chapada Diamantina, no nordeste do Brasil. Nosso estudo caracterizou a vegetação da capitinga, suas características ambientais e comparou sua flora com as faixas de mosaico da vegetação do Espinhaço e da Chapada Diamantina. Os dados florísticos foram coletados de 1999-2006 e os levantamentos fitossociológicos foram realizados em 2004-2005 e 2016-2017 em quinze parcelas de 50 x 2 m (100 m2 cada, totalizando 1500 m2). O agrupamento multivariado e a análise de ordenação foram utilizados para examinar a similaridade florística da vegetação da capitinga. No total foram registradas sessenta espécies distribuídas em 36 famílias, enquanto nas parcelas foi registrado um total de 4945 indivíduos distribuídos em 25 famílias e 33 espécies. As famílias mais ricas foram Fabaceae (7) e Apocynaceae (5), enquanto as mais abundantes foram Arecaceae (61.5% de todos os indivíduos) e Velloziaceae (18.4%), representadas por Syagrus harleyi e Vellozia dasypus respectivamente. Capitinga representa um hábitat distinto condicionado por característica
ISSN:0370-6583
2175-7860
DOI:10.1590/2175-7860202172126