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La relación de la memoria de trabajo, la función ejecutiva y el estilo cognitivo con el rendimiento académico
The constructs Working Memory (WM), Executive Function (EF), Field Dependence-Independence Cognitive Style (FDI CS) have been related to Academic Performance (AP) in different compulsory and fundamental areas, especially in mathematics and language. The objective was to analyze the relationship betw...
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Published in: | Voces y silencios, revista latinoamericana de educación revista latinoamericana de educación, 2024-11, Vol.15 (3), p.51-70 |
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Main Authors: | , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | Spanish |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The constructs Working Memory (WM), Executive Function (EF), Field Dependence-Independence Cognitive Style (FDI CS) have been related to Academic Performance (AP) in different compulsory and fundamental areas, especially in mathematics and language. The objective was to analyze the relationship between the phonological loop and the visuo-spatial agenda of the WM, the cognitive flexibility of the EF and the FID CS and its prediction with the AP in the areas of natural sciences, language and mathematics. The sample consisted of 96 children and adolescents between the ages of 9 and 14 from Medellín. The instruments to assess WM were: Digits and Letters and Numbers from the WISC-IV Intelligence test (Wechsler, 2003) and Series of Drawings (Injoque-Ricle and Burin, 2013); the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (Heaton et al., 1993) assessed cognitive flexibility (EF); the FDI CS was evidenced by means of the Embedded Figures Test (Witkin et al., 1971). Through the academic bulletin issued by the Educational Institutions, the AP was measured. The results showed a low and almost moderate relationship, as well as evidence of the prediction of cognitive flexibility with the AP in natural sciences, language and mathematics, without observing a relationship between the AP in these areas with the WM and the FID CS. The predictive value of cognitive flexibility for the scope of the competences in each of the areas studied is verified.
Los constructos memoria de trabajo (MT), función ejecutiva (FE) y estilo cognitivo dependiente-independiente de campo (ECDIC) se han relacionado con el rendimiento académico (RA) en diferentes áreas escolares obligatorias y fundamentales, especialmente en matemáticas y lenguaje. En este marco, el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar cómo se relacionan el bucle fonológico (MT), la agenda visoespacial (MT), la flexibilidad cognitiva (FE) y el ECDIC con el RA en ciencias naturales, lenguaje y matemáticas, así como cuál es el efecto predictor de estos componentes respecto del RA en cada una de estas áreas. Se estudió una muestra conformada por 96 niños y adolescentes entre los 9 y 14 años de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia). Los instrumentos para evaluar los constructos se aplicaron de la siguiente manera: para la MT se emplearon las pruebas Dígitos y Letras y Números del test de inteligencia WISC- IV (Wechsler, 2003), así como el test Serie de Dibujos (Injoque-Ricle y Burin, 2013); la flexibilidad cognitiva (FE) se midió con el test de clasi |
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ISSN: | 2215-8421 2215-8421 |
DOI: | 10.18175/VyS16.3.2024.3 |