Genetic variation and differentiation in parent-descendant cattle and bison populations1,2,3

ABSTRACT Genetic variation and differentiation at 32 microsatellite loci was quantified for parent-descendant cattle populations and parent-descendant bison (Bison bison) populations. We compared heterozygosity (Ho) and allelic richness (AR) for 587 cattle of four breeds and three lines derived from...

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Published in:Journal of animal science 2016-11, Vol.94 (11), p.4491-4497
Main Authors: Cronin, M. A., Leesburg, V. L. R.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:ABSTRACT Genetic variation and differentiation at 32 microsatellite loci was quantified for parent-descendant cattle populations and parent-descendant bison (Bison bison) populations. We compared heterozygosity (Ho) and allelic richness (AR) for 587 cattle of four breeds and three lines derived from them, and 188 bison in three pairs of parent-descendant populations. Ho and AR were less in the Line 1 Hereford inbred cattle population than in the parent Hereford breed. Ho and AR were intermediate in a composite population (CGC, derived from crossing Red Angus, Charolais, and Tarentaise) compared to the three parent breeds. Crossbreeding of Line 1 with CGC resulted in an F1 generation with increased Ho and AR relative to Line 1 and CGC, followed by decreased Ho and AR in 2 backcross generations to Line1. Three transplanted wild bison populations had smaller Ho and AR than their respective parent populations. These data demonstrate that genetic variation reduced from founder effects or inbreeding can be restored with crossbreeding and gene flow.
ISSN:0021-8812
1525-3163
DOI:10.2527/jas.2016-0476