Cerebral Salt Wasting Induced Hyponatraemia Presenting as Catatonia

Cerebral salt wasting (CSW) is an important cause of hyponatraemia in the background of a central nervous system disease. It causes hypovolaemic hyponatraemia and is associated with polyuria and high urine sodium levels. It is important to distinguish it from the more common syndrome of inappropriat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 2021-12, Vol.51 (4), p.377-379
Main Authors: Mehta, Vishal, Sharma, Akhya, Sharma, Chandra Bhushan, Guria, Rishi Tuhin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Catatonia - diagnosis
Catatonia - etiology
Humans
Hyponatremia - diagnosis
Hyponatremia - etiology
Postoperative Complications
Syndrome
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Summary:Cerebral salt wasting (CSW) is an important cause of hyponatraemia in the background of a central nervous system disease. It causes hypovolaemic hyponatraemia and is associated with polyuria and high urine sodium levels. It is important to distinguish it from the more common syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone and this is primarily based on the volume status. Although CSW has been known to present with confusion, stupor, abnormal behaviour and seizures, its association with catatonia is yet to be reported. We report a case in which the patient developed CSW and hyponatraemia as a sequela of tuberculous meningitis and presented with catatonia. Prompt correction of hyponatraemia resulted in complete reversal of catatonia. This highlights the importance of evaluating all patients with catatonia for electrolyte abnormalities, especially hyponatraemia as its correction leads to excellent outcomes.
ISSN:1478-2715
2042-8189
DOI:10.4997/jrcpe.2021.413