Nearly Zero Inclination Geosynchronous SAR Mission Analysis With Long Integration Time for Earth Observation

In this paper, the performance of a nearly zero inclination and low eccentricity geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEOSAR) mission for midlatitude (30°-60°) Earth observation is analyzed. The slow motion of such satellites with respect to the Earth's surface makes it necessary to conside...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing 2014-10, Vol.52 (10), p.6379-6391
Main Authors: Ruiz-Rodon, Josep, Broquetas, Antoni, Makhoul, Eduardo, Monti Guarnieri, Andrea, Rocca, Fabio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithm
Apertures
Atmospheric phase screen (APS)
Atmospherics
Bandwidth
Coherence length
Doppler effect
Earth
Eccentricity
Enginyeria de la telecomunicació
Geosynchronous
Inclination
Interferometria
Interferometry
Missions
Orbit
Orbits
Phase
Radar
Radar d'obertura sintètica
Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica
Satellites
Seismic migration
Syntethic aperture radar
Synthetic aperture radar
synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC
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Summary:In this paper, the performance of a nearly zero inclination and low eccentricity geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEOSAR) mission for midlatitude (30°-60°) Earth observation is analyzed. The slow motion of such satellites with respect to the Earth's surface makes it necessary to consider long coherent combination of pulses during hours to reach the desired along-track resolution. A system based on moderate transmitted powers and antenna sizes is considered. The necessary sensitivity in such GEOSAR system is obtained from the accumulated energy of the raw data using a pulse repetition frequency above the Doppler bandwidth and a long integration time. Several issues as a result of the long acquisition, such as target and atmospheric phase screen decorrelation, speckle noise impact on the received signal, and satellite station-keeping requirements, are analyzed. The feasibility of such systems to be placed on a broadcasting communication satellite makes nearly zero inclination GEOSAR a low-cost alternative of current SAR missions.
ISSN:0196-2892
1558-0644
DOI:10.1109/TGRS.2013.2296357