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Evaluación de dosis, periodos de aplicación y residualidad y de Paclobutrazo en tomate
Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is the most widely used growth retardant in the chemical manipulation of the growth and development of horticultural plants. The effect of foliar applications of PBZ in different doses and application intervals on vegetative growth, yield, physicochemical quality and residuality...
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Published in: | Bioagro 2022, Vol.34 (1), p.63-74 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | Spanish |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is the most widely used growth retardant in the chemical manipulation of the growth and development of horticultural plants. The effect of foliar applications of PBZ in different doses and application intervals on vegetative growth, yield, physicochemical quality and residuality in Saladette tomato fruits (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in a long greenhouse production cycle, was studied. The experiment was carried out in 2019 in Chiconcuac, Mexico State. A total of 13 treatments from the combination of three doses of PBZ (35, 50 and 65 mg·L-1 ) and four application intervals (30, 40, 50 and 60 days), plus an absolute control, were evaluated. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with four replications and six plants as experimental units. Variables were quantified as morphological, yield, physicochemical quality, and PBZ residues in the fruits. The results showed that applications of 50 mg·L-1 of PBZ every 40 days significantly increased (P≤0.05) fruit yield per plant; in contrast, it decreased plant height and leaf area, without affecting dry weight, fresh weight and firmness of fruit. PBZ residues were found in the epidermis of fruits that exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRL) recommended by the European Union and Japan; the degradation of the product over time did not reach 50 % even 14 days after application. Washing with simple water or detergent eliminated almost all residues adhered to the epidermis of the fruit, and there were no residues in the pulp
El paclobutrazol (PBZ) es el retardante de crecimiento más utilizado en la manipulación química del crecimiento y desarrollo de plantas hortícolas. Se estudió el efecto de aplicaciones foliares de paclobutrazol en distintas dosis e intervalos de aplicación sobre el crecimiento vegetativo, rendimiento, calidad fisicoquímica y residualidad en frutos de tomate Saladette (Solanum lycopersicum L.), en un ciclo largo de producción en invernadero. El experimento se realizó en 2019 en Chiconcuac, estado de México. Se evaluaron 13 tratamientos de la combinación de tres dosis de PBZ (35, 50 y 65 mg·L-1) y cuatro intervalos de aplicación (30, 40,
50 y 60 días), más un control absoluto. El diseño experimental fue de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones y seis plantas como unidad experimental. Se cuantificaron variables morfológicas, de rendimiento, calidad fisicoquímica y residuos de PBZ en frutos. Los resultados mostraron que la aplicación de 50 mg·L-1 de PBZ cada 4 |
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ISSN: | 2521-9693 1316-3361 |