Efectos de programas de ejercicio físico en la calidad de vida y la condición física orientadas a la salud, en estudiantes universitarios con sobrepeso u obesidad: una revisión sistemática

• Published in: Retos (Madrid) 2023 (50), p.332-341
• Main Authors: Moraga Muñoz, Rodrigo, Reyes Rodríguez, Alixon David, Villarroel Ojeda, Liseth, Hernández-Mosqueira, Claudio
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• ISSN: 1579-1726; 1988-2041; 1988-2041
• DOI: 10.47197/retos.v50.99688

Objective: to evaluate the effects of physical exercise programs on quality of life and health-oriented physical condition in overweight or obese university students between 18 and 30 years of age. Methodology: A systematic review of the last 10 years was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines, in PUBMED, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases. Eligibility criteria were established based on the PICOS search strategy: (P) overweight and obese undergraduate university students between 18 and 30 years of age, (I) studies that carried out physical exercise component interventions (C) incorporating pre- and post-test in the intervention and control groups (O) to evaluate the effect of physical exercise programs on quality of life and/or health-oriented fitness (S) randomized controlled studies, published in open and restricted access from 2012 to 2022, in the English language. Results: A total of 6,835 papers were identified from which four studies were finally selected. It was found that all the interventions were carried out in a period of between 8 to 12 weeks, obtaining positive results in the health-oriented physical condition variable. Of the interventions, three out of four improved aerobic capacity, three out of four improved body composition and only one analyzed the variables strength, power, flexibility and speed. Conclusion: No longitudinal studies were found that allow us to follow up the quality of life of the university population with overweight or obesity during an intervention based on a physical exercise program. Objetivo: evaluar los efectos que tienen los programas de ejercicio físico sobre la calidad de vida y la condición física orientadas a la salud, en estudiantes universitarios con sobrepeso u obesidad de entre 18 y 30 años. Metodología: Se realizó una revisión sistemática de los últimos 10 años de acuerdo a las directrices PRISMA, en las bases de datos PUBMED, Web of Science y SCOPUS. Los criterios de elegibilidad fueron establecidos en base a la estrategia de búsqueda PICOS: (P) universitarios de pregrado con sobrepeso y obesidad de entre 18 y 30 años de edad, (I) estudios que llevaron a cabo intervenciones del componente ejercicio físico (C) incorporando pre y post test en los grupos de intervención y grupo control (O) evaluar el efecto de los programas de ejercicio físico sobre la calidad de vida y/o la condición física orientada a la salud (S) estudios controlados aleatorios, publicados en acceso abierto y restringido desde el añ