Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer's Disease: Saponins

Drug development for Alzheimer's disease, the leading cause of dementia, has been a long-standing challenge. Saponins, which are steroid or triterpenoid glycosides with various pharmacological activities, have displayed therapeutic potential in treating Alzheimer's disease. In a comprehens...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-06, Vol.24 (13), p.10505
Main Authors: Zhang, Ruifeng, Zeng, Miao, Zhang, Xiaolu, Zheng, Yujia, Lv, Nuan, Wang, Luming, Gan, Jiali, Li, Yawen, Jiang, Xijuan, Yang, Lin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alzheimer Disease - drug therapy
Alzheimer's disease
amyloid beta
Amyloid beta-Peptides
Apoptosis
Chinese medicine
Cognitive ability
Dementia
Dementia disorders
Development and progression
Drug development
Enzymes
Glycosides
Health aspects
Humans
inflammation
Kinases
Literature reviews
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Memory
Neurological disorders
Neurotoxicity
Oxidative stress
Peptides
Pharmacology
Phosphorylation
Proteins
Review
saponin
Saponins
Saponins - pharmacology
Saponins - therapeutic use
Tau protein
tau Proteins
Triterpenoid glycosides
β-Amyloid
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Summary:Drug development for Alzheimer's disease, the leading cause of dementia, has been a long-standing challenge. Saponins, which are steroid or triterpenoid glycosides with various pharmacological activities, have displayed therapeutic potential in treating Alzheimer's disease. In a comprehensive review of the literature from May 2007 to May 2023, we identified 63 references involving 40 different types of saponins that have been studied for their effects on Alzheimer's disease. These studies suggest that saponins have the potential to ameliorate Alzheimer's disease by reducing amyloid beta peptide deposition, inhibiting tau phosphorylation, modulating oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and antiapoptosis. Most intriguingly, ginsenoside Rg1 and pseudoginsenoside-F11 possess these important pharmacological properties and show the best promise for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. This review provides a summary and classification of common saponins that have been studied for their therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease, showcasing their underlying mechanisms. This highlights the promising potential of saponins for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms241310505