Sowing time and substrate in the production of ipê-mirim seedlings

• Published in: Ornamental Horticulture (Campinas) 2022-12, Vol.28 (4), p.459-467
• Main Authors: Ferraz, Marcos Vieira, Souza, Antonio Maricélio Borges de, Costa, Carla Rafaele Xavier, Muniz, Ana Carolina Corrêa, Loureiro, Eduardo Akira Suzuki de Andrade, Pivetta, Kathia Fernandes Lopes
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AGRONOMY; ornamental plant; seedling production; Tecoma stans; urban afforestation
• ISSN: 2447-536X; 2447-536X
• DOI: 10.1590/2447-536x.v28i4.2473

Abstract Tecoma stans is popularly known as ipê-mirim in Brazil. This species belongs to the Bignoniaceae family and it is native to Americas and Antilles, where it is widely used in landscaping as urban tree. The seedlings are produced from seeds and there are several factors that influences its development, such as the sowing time and the substrate. This work aimed to understand the effect of the sowing time and substrates on the production of Tecoma stans seedlings. The experiments were carried out in a nursery. The experimental design was completely randomized. The substrates were arranged in a 2 × 6 factorial scheme, two sowing times (autumn and spring) and six commercial substrates (SC1; SC2; SC3; SC4; sand and vermiculite) under four replicates and ten seedlings per plot. The means were compared to each other using the Tukey test (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between the seasons of the year, showing that the percentage of emergence was higher in spring (89%). The seedlings of Tecoma stans were shown to be nutrient-dependent both in the emergence of the seedling and in the subsequent development of the seedlings, since the highest averages of the studied characteristics were obtained in the commercial substrates, as they have nutrients in their composition, with greater emphasis on SC1. Resumo Tecoma stans, popularmente conhecida como ipê-mirim é uma espécie arbórea pertencente à Família Bignoniaceae. Nativa nas Américas e Antilhas, é amplamente utilizada no Brasil, no paisagismo e na arborização urbana. A produção de suas mudas é feita por sementes e são vários os fatores que interferem neste processo e no seu posterior desenvolvimento como a época de semeadura e o substrato. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da época de semeadura e do substrato na produção de mudas de Tecoma stans. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em viveiro. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 2 × 6 sendo duas épocas de semeadura (outono e primavera) e seis substratos (SC1; SC2; SC3; SC4; areia e vermiculita); foram quatro repetições e dez plântulas por parcela. Avaliou-se a porcentagem de emergência e variáveis morfológicas. As médias foram comparadas entre si por meio do teste de Tukey (p < 0,05). Verificou-se diferença significativa entre as épocas do ano mostrando que a porcentagem de emergência foi superior na primavera (89%). As mudas de Tecoma stans se mostraram ser depen