Synaptically silent sensory hair cells in zebrafish are recruited after damage

• Published in: Nature communications 2018-04, Vol.9 (1), p.1388-16, Article 1388
• Main Authors: Zhang, Qiuxiang, Li, Suna, Wong, Hiu-Tung C., He, Xinyi J., Beirl, Alisha, Petralia, Ronald S., Wang, Ya-Xian, Kindt, Katie S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 14; 14/1; 14/10; 14/19; 14/34; 14/35; 14/63; 631/378/2619/1533; 631/378/3917; 631/378/548/1954; Animals; Calcium - metabolism; Calcium Channels, L-Type - genetics; Calcium Channels, L-Type - metabolism; Cations, Divalent; Damage assessment; Danio rerio; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Hair; Hair cells; Hair Cells, Auditory - cytology; Hair Cells, Auditory - metabolism; Hearing protection; Humanities and Social Sciences; Ion Transport; Larva - cytology; Larva - metabolism; Lateral Line System - growth & development; Lateral Line System - injuries; Lateral Line System - metabolism; Mechanical stimuli; Mechanotransduction; Mechanotransduction, Cellular - physiology; multidisciplinary; Potassium - metabolism; Regeneration - physiology; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Synapses - metabolism; Synaptic transmission; Synaptic Transmission - physiology; Vesicle fusion; Zebrafish
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03806-8

Analysis of mechanotransduction among ensembles of sensory hair cells in vivo is challenging in many species. To overcome this challenge, we used optical indicators to investigate mechanotransduction among collections of hair cells in intact zebrafish. Our imaging reveals a previously undiscovered disconnect between hair-cell mechanosensation and synaptic transmission. We show that saturating mechanical stimuli able to open mechanically gated channels are unexpectedly insufficient to evoke vesicle fusion in the majority of hair cells. Although synaptically silent, latent hair cells can be rapidly recruited after damage, demonstrating that they are synaptically competent. Therefore synaptically silent hair cells may be an important reserve that acts to maintain sensory function. Our results demonstrate a previously unidentified level of complexity in sculpting sensory transmission from the periphery. Hair cells of the inner ear are mechanosensors that detect sound, and synapse onto afferent neurons. Here, the authors used calcium imaging to find that not all hair cells are synaptically engaged, but after damage these silent cells are synaptically engaged.