Development of Green and Efficient Extraction Methods of Quercetin from Red Onion Scales Wastes Using Factorial Design for Method Optimization: A Comparative Study

Waste resulting from edible plants is considered one of the best sources of valuable phytochemicals. A promising approach for using these appreciated wastes is extracting precious medically important constituents, for example, free quercetin. Two new cost-effective and green extraction methods are i...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Separations 2021-09, Vol.8 (9), p.137
Main Authors: Abd-ElSalam, Heba-Alla, Gamal, Mohammed, Naguib, Ibrahim, Al-Ghobashy, Medhat, Zaazaa, Hala, Abdelkawy, M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemicals
Chromatography
Comparative studies
Design optimization
Ethanol
Factorial design
Glycerol
Green chemistry
greenness assessment
Methods
microwave-assisted extraction
Microwaves
Natural products
onion scales
Onions
quercetin
Solvent extraction processes
Sustainable development
ultrasound-assisted glycerol extraction
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Waste resulting from edible plants is considered one of the best sources of valuable phytochemicals. A promising approach for using these appreciated wastes is extracting precious medically important constituents, for example, free quercetin. Two new cost-effective and green extraction methods are introduced in the present study: ultrasound-assisted glycerol extraction (UAGE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). These extraction protocols are optimized using factorial design to define the highest yield of extraction, and HPLC-UV at 370 nm was used as a method of yield analysis. Quercetin remained stable during the whole process in both extraction protocols. A standard addition technique was performed to quantify quercetin in different extracts and eliminate the matrix effect. In UAGE and MAE, extraction yields were 16.55 ± 0.81 and 27.20 ± 1.55 mg/1g from red onion scales on a dry base, respectively. The amount of quercetin extracted using MAE was superior to UAGE in terms of time and yield. A greenness assessment of the offered studies compared to previously published relevant extraction methods was performed using the analytical eco-scale assessment method (ESA) and national environmental methods index (NEMI). MAE showed to be a greener method with a higher ESA score and a greener NEMI pictogram.
ISSN:2297-8739
2297-8739
DOI:10.3390/separations8090137