Skeletonized left internal thoracic artery is associated with lower rates of mediastinitis in diabetic patients Artéria torácica interna esquerda esqueletizada é associada a menores taxas de mediastinite em diabéticos

• Published in: Revista brasileira de cirurgia cardiovascular 2011-06, Vol.26 (2), p.183-189
• Main Authors: Michel Pompeu Barros de Oliveira Sá, Evelyn Figueira Soares, Cecília Andrade Santos, Omar Jacobina Figueiredo, Renato Oliveira Albuquerque Lima, Rodrigo Renda Escobar, Fábio Gonçalves de Rueda, Paulo Ernando Ferraz, Ricardo Carvalho Lima
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Artéria Torácica Interna; Diabetes Mellitus; Mammary Arteries; Mediastinite; Mediastinitis; Myocardial Revascularization; Revascularização Miocárdica
• ISSN: 0102-7638; 1678-9741
• DOI: 10.1590/S0102-76382011000200007

BACKGROUND: Mediastinitis is a serious complication of median sternotomy and is associated to significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetes is a feared risk factor for mediastinitis and viewed with caution by cardiovascular surgeons. OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors for mediastinitis in diabetics undergoing CABG surgery with use of unilateral ITA in the Division of Cardiovascular Surgery of Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco - PROCAPE. METHODS: Retrospective study of 157 diabetics operated between May 2007 and April 2010. Nine preoperative variables, five intraoperative variables and seven postoperative variables possibly involved in the development of postoperative mediastinitis were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied. RESULTS: The incidence of mediastinitis was 7% (n=11), with a lethality rate of 36.1% (n=4). Variables associated with increased risk of mediastinitis were: use of pedicled ITA (OR 8.25, 95% CI 2.03 to 66.10, P=0.016), postoperative renal complications (OR 5.10, 95% CI 1.03 to 25.62, P=0.049) and re-operation (OR 7.45, 95% CI 1.24 to 42.17, P=0.023). In multivariate analysis using backward logistic regression, only one variable remained as independent risk factor: use of pedicled ITA (OR 7.64, 95% CI 1.95 to 61.6, P=0.048), in comparison to skeletonized ITA. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that diabetics should be considered for strategies to minimize risk of infection. In diabetics that undergo unilateral ITA, the problem seems to be related to how ITA is harvested. Diabetics should always be considered for use of skeletonized ITA.INTRODUÇÃO: Mediastinite é uma complicação séria da esternotomia mediana e está associada a significativa morbidade e mortalidade. Diabetes é um temido fator de risco para mediastinite, visto com cautela pelos cirurgiões cardiovasculares. OBJETIVO: Identificar fatores de risco para mediastinite em diabéticos submetidos à CRM com uso unilateral da ATI na Divisão de Cirurgia Cardiovascular do Pronto Socorro Cardiológico de Pernambuco - PROCAPE. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 157 pacientes diabéticos operados entre maio de 2007 e abril de 2010. Nove variáveis pré-operatórias, cinco variáveis intraoperatórias e sete variáveis pós-operatórias possivelmente envolvidas no desenvolvimento de mediastinite foram avaliadas. Análises univariada e multivariada por regressão logística foram aplicadas. RESULTADOS: A incidência de mediastinite foi de 7% (n=11), com taxa de letali