Alterations of Nigral Dopamine Levels in Parkinson's Disease after Environmental Enrichment and PACAP Treatment in Aging Rats

The neuroprotective effects of environmental enrichment and PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) are well-described in Parkinson's disease. The aim of our study is to investigate the beneficial effects of these factors in aging parkinsonian rats. Newborn Wistar rats were d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Life (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-01, Vol.11 (1), p.35
Main Authors: Jungling, Adel, Reglodi, Dora, Maasz, Gabor, Zrinyi, Zita, Schmidt, Janos, Rivnyak, Adam, Horvath, Gabor, Pirger, Zsolt, Tamas, Andrea
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
6-OHDA
Age
Aging
Animals
Dopamine
enriched environment
Enrichment
Environmental conditions
Environmental effects
High-performance liquid chromatography
Kinases
Liquid chromatography
Medical treatment
Movement disorders
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuropeptides
Neuroprotection
Older people
Oxidative stress
PACAP
PARK7 protein
Parkinson's disease
Peptides
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide
Polypeptides
Proteins
Substantia nigra
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Summary:The neuroprotective effects of environmental enrichment and PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide) are well-described in Parkinson's disease. The aim of our study is to investigate the beneficial effects of these factors in aging parkinsonian rats. Newborn Wistar rats were divided into standard and enriched groups according to their environmental conditions. Standard animals were raised under regular conditions. During the first five postnatal weeks, enriched pups were placed in larger cages with different objects. Aging animals received (1) saline, (2) 6-hydroxidopamine (6-OHDA), or (3) 6-OHDA + PACAP injections into the left substantia nigra (s.n.). On the seventh postoperative day, the left and right s.n. were collected. The s.n. of young and aging unoperated animals were also examined in our experiment. We determined the dopamine (DA) levels by the HPLC-MS technique, while the sandwich ELISA method was used to measure the Parkinson disease protein 7 (PARK7) protein levels. In healthy animals, we found an age-related decrease of DA levels. In aging parkinsonian-enriched rats, the operation did not result in a significant DA loss. PACAP treatment could prevent the DA loss in both the standard and enriched groups. All injured PACAP-treated rats showed remarkably higher protective PARK7 levels. The protective effect of PACAP correlated with the increase of the DA and PARK7 levels.
ISSN:2075-1729
2075-1729
DOI:10.3390/life11010035