Comparing the Efficacy of Two Cognitive Screening Tools in Identifying Gray and White Matter Brain Damage among Older Adults

Background. Ageing is associated with structural changes in brain regions and functional decline in cognitive domains. Noninvasive tools for identifying structural damage in the brains of older adults are relevant for early treatment. Aims. This study aims to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the...

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Published in:Journal of aging research 2024-04, Vol.2024, p.5527225-14
Main Authors: Andreatta Maduro, Paula, Guimarães, Manoel Pereira, de Sousa Rodrigues, Mateus, Pereira Rolim Coimbra Pinto, Ana Paula, Mota Junior, Américo Alves da, Lima Rocha, Alaine Souza, Matoso, Juliana Magalhães Duarte, Bavaresco Gambassi, Bruno, Schwingel, Paulo Adriano
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Language:English
Subjects:
Atrophy
Blood pressure
Brain
Brain damage
Brain research
Cognitive ability
Dementia
Executive function
Magnetic resonance imaging
Observational studies
Older people
Psychiatrists
Risk factors
Variables
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container_title Journal of aging research
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creator Andreatta Maduro, Paula
Guimarães, Manoel Pereira
de Sousa Rodrigues, Mateus
Pereira Rolim Coimbra Pinto, Ana Paula
Mota Junior, Américo Alves da
Lima Rocha, Alaine Souza
Matoso, Juliana Magalhães Duarte
Bavaresco Gambassi, Bruno
Schwingel, Paulo Adriano
description Background. Ageing is associated with structural changes in brain regions and functional decline in cognitive domains. Noninvasive tools for identifying structural damage in the brains of older adults are relevant for early treatment. Aims. This study aims to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA©) in identifying gray and white matter brain damage in older individuals with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Methods. Ninety older adults (62 women) with an average age of 69 ± 7 years were enrolled and categorized as having no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or moderate cognitive impairment (MoCI). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to assess the number, volume, and distribution of brain damage. The Fazekas and Scheltens scales were applied to the brain MRIs, and inferential statistics were employed to compare variables among the groups. Results. Cognitive impairment was observed in 56.7% of the participants (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.4–66.4%), with thirty-six older adults (40%) classified as MCI and 15 (17%) as MoCI. Cognitive impairment and medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy were found to be associated (p=0.001), exhibiting higher mean volume scales of the MTL atrophied area in the MoCI group (p
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Ageing is associated with structural changes in brain regions and functional decline in cognitive domains. Noninvasive tools for identifying structural damage in the brains of older adults are relevant for early treatment. Aims. This study aims to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA©) in identifying gray and white matter brain damage in older individuals with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Methods. Ninety older adults (62 women) with an average age of 69 ± 7 years were enrolled and categorized as having no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or moderate cognitive impairment (MoCI). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to assess the number, volume, and distribution of brain damage. The Fazekas and Scheltens scales were applied to the brain MRIs, and inferential statistics were employed to compare variables among the groups. Results. Cognitive impairment was observed in 56.7% of the participants (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.4–66.4%), with thirty-six older adults (40%) classified as MCI and 15 (17%) as MoCI. Cognitive impairment and medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy were found to be associated (p=0.001), exhibiting higher mean volume scales of the MTL atrophied area in the MoCI group (p&lt;0.001). The MMSE accurately revealed MTL atrophy based on the Scheltens (p&lt;0.05) and Fazekas (p&lt;0.05) scales. At the same time, the MoCA accurately identified periventricular white matter (PWM) abnormalities according to the Fazekas scale (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions. The MMSE and MoCA screening tools effectively identified gray and white matter brain damage in older adults with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Lower MMSE scores are associated with MTL atrophy and lesions, and lower MoCA scores are related to PWM lesions. The concurrent use of MMSE and MoCA is recommended for assessing structural changes in distinct brain regions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2090-2204</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 2090-2212</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2090-2212</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1155/2024/5527225</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38690079</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Hindawi</publisher><subject>Atrophy ; Blood pressure ; Brain ; Brain damage ; Brain research ; Cognitive ability ; Dementia ; Executive function ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Observational studies ; Older people ; Psychiatrists ; Risk factors ; Variables</subject><ispartof>Journal of aging research, 2024-04, Vol.2024, p.5527225-14</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2024 Paula Andreatta Maduro et al.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024 Paula Andreatta Maduro et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</rights><rights>Copyright © 2024 Paula Andreatta Maduro et al. 2024</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c570t-6ef2ac2258fda7640910e1102410822b64d9cc305e19911b7f5f63aa1994dc9e3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-2174-2460 ; 0000-0001-7780-8946 ; 0000-0003-4664-2351 ; 0000-0003-0477-8330 ; 0000-0002-2935-3403 ; 0000-0002-1770-5619 ; 0000-0003-3527-7256 ; 0009-0001-3433-7838 ; 0000-0003-3852-0602</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3050733596?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3050733596?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,38516,43895,44590,53791,53793,74412,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38690079$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Peixoto, Bruno</contributor><contributor>Bruno Peixoto</contributor><creatorcontrib>Andreatta Maduro, Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guimarães, Manoel Pereira</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Sousa Rodrigues, Mateus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pereira Rolim Coimbra Pinto, Ana Paula</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mota Junior, Américo Alves da</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lima Rocha, Alaine Souza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Matoso, Juliana Magalhães Duarte</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bavaresco Gambassi, Bruno</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schwingel, Paulo Adriano</creatorcontrib><title>Comparing the Efficacy of Two Cognitive Screening Tools in Identifying Gray and White Matter Brain Damage among Older Adults</title><title>Journal of aging research</title><addtitle>J Aging Res</addtitle><description>Background. Ageing is associated with structural changes in brain regions and functional decline in cognitive domains. Noninvasive tools for identifying structural damage in the brains of older adults are relevant for early treatment. Aims. This study aims to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA©) in identifying gray and white matter brain damage in older individuals with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Methods. Ninety older adults (62 women) with an average age of 69 ± 7 years were enrolled and categorized as having no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or moderate cognitive impairment (MoCI). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to assess the number, volume, and distribution of brain damage. The Fazekas and Scheltens scales were applied to the brain MRIs, and inferential statistics were employed to compare variables among the groups. Results. Cognitive impairment was observed in 56.7% of the participants (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.4–66.4%), with thirty-six older adults (40%) classified as MCI and 15 (17%) as MoCI. Cognitive impairment and medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy were found to be associated (p=0.001), exhibiting higher mean volume scales of the MTL atrophied area in the MoCI group (p&lt;0.001). The MMSE accurately revealed MTL atrophy based on the Scheltens (p&lt;0.05) and Fazekas (p&lt;0.05) scales. At the same time, the MoCA accurately identified periventricular white matter (PWM) abnormalities according to the Fazekas scale (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions. The MMSE and MoCA screening tools effectively identified gray and white matter brain damage in older adults with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Lower MMSE scores are associated with MTL atrophy and lesions, and lower MoCA scores are related to PWM lesions. 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Ageing is associated with structural changes in brain regions and functional decline in cognitive domains. Noninvasive tools for identifying structural damage in the brains of older adults are relevant for early treatment. Aims. This study aims to evaluate and compare the accuracy of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA©) in identifying gray and white matter brain damage in older individuals with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Methods. Ninety older adults (62 women) with an average age of 69 ± 7 years were enrolled and categorized as having no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or moderate cognitive impairment (MoCI). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was utilized to assess the number, volume, and distribution of brain damage. The Fazekas and Scheltens scales were applied to the brain MRIs, and inferential statistics were employed to compare variables among the groups. Results. Cognitive impairment was observed in 56.7% of the participants (95% confidence interval (CI): 46.4–66.4%), with thirty-six older adults (40%) classified as MCI and 15 (17%) as MoCI. Cognitive impairment and medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy were found to be associated (p=0.001), exhibiting higher mean volume scales of the MTL atrophied area in the MoCI group (p&lt;0.001). The MMSE accurately revealed MTL atrophy based on the Scheltens (p&lt;0.05) and Fazekas (p&lt;0.05) scales. At the same time, the MoCA accurately identified periventricular white matter (PWM) abnormalities according to the Fazekas scale (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions. The MMSE and MoCA screening tools effectively identified gray and white matter brain damage in older adults with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. Lower MMSE scores are associated with MTL atrophy and lesions, and lower MoCA scores are related to PWM lesions. 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subjects Atrophy
Blood pressure
Brain
Brain damage
Brain research
Cognitive ability
Dementia
Executive function
Magnetic resonance imaging
Observational studies
Older people
Psychiatrists
Risk factors
Variables
title Comparing the Efficacy of Two Cognitive Screening Tools in Identifying Gray and White Matter Brain Damage among Older Adults
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