Fecal microbiota and metabolomics revealed the effect of long-term consumption of gallic acid on canine lipid metabolism and gut health

• Published in: Food Chemistry: X 2022-10, Vol.15, p.100377-100377, Article 100377
• Main Authors: Yang, Kang, Jian, Shiyan, Guo, Dan, Wen, Chaoyu, Xin, Zhongquan, Zhang, Limeng, Kuang, Tao, Wen, Jiawei, Yin, Yulong, Deng, Baichuan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Dog; Gallic acid; Gut microbiota; Nutrient digestibility; Pet food; Short-chain fatty acids
• ISSN: 2590-1575; 2590-1575
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100377

• Long-term consumption of 0.02%∼0.08% GA had no negative effect on canine body condition. • GA intervention improved anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory capacities. • 0.08% GA regulated lipid metabolism in serum. • 0.08% GA increased the relative abundance of SCFAs-producing bacteria. • 0.08% GA regulated carbohydrate metabolism in fece. Gallic acid (GA) is a natural polyphenolic compound with many health benefits. To assess the potential risk of long-term consumption of GA to gut health, healthy dogs were fed a basal diet supplemented with GA (0%, 0.02%, 0.04%, and 0.08%) for 45 d, and fecal microbiota and metabolomics were evaluated. This study demonstrated that GA supplementation regulated serum lipid metabolism by reducing serum triglyceride, fat digestibility, and Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio. In addition, the relative abundance of Parasutterella was significantly lower, and the SCFAs-producing bacteria were increased along with fecal acetate and total SCFAs contents accumulation in the 0.08% GA group. Metabolomics data further elucidated that 0.08% GA significantly affected carbohydrate metabolism by downregulating succinic acid in fece, thereby alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress. Overall, this study confirmed the beneficial effects of long-term consumption of GA on lipid metabolism and gut health, and the optimal level of GA supplementation was 0.08%.