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Production of basic potato seed minitubers in substrate and different nitrogen rates Produção de minitubérculos de batata-semente básica em substrato em razão de doses de nitrogênio

The optimal dose of nitrogen (N) in potato crop depends on the production system. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal dose of N for the production of basic potato seed minitubers and evaluate the effect of N rates on physiological and nitrogen indices in the youngest fully devel...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revista Ceres 2012-12, Vol.59 (6), p.850-858
Main Authors: Carla de Bem dos Santos Souza, Paulo Cezar Rezende Fontes, Marialva Alvarenga Moreira, Mário Puiatti, Herminia Emilia Prieto Martinez, Roberto Fontes Araújo
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The optimal dose of nitrogen (N) in potato crop depends on the production system. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal dose of N for the production of basic potato seed minitubers and evaluate the effect of N rates on physiological and nitrogen indices in the youngest fully developed leaf (fourth leaf) and in the oldest leaf of the plants at 60 days after planting. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. The treatments consisted of five N rates (0, 45, 90, 180 and 360 mg dm-3), with 10% of each dose applied at planting and the remainder through irrigation water, daily, for 30 days. The nitrogen rates positively influenced the physiological indices (length, width, leaf area, number of leaves, fresh mass and dry mass) and nitrogen (level and content of N and N-NO³ in the dry mass and SPAD) both in the fourth leaf and in the oldest leaf. Likewise, the N rates positively influenced the number and mass of harvested tubers. The largest number (5.44 tubers/plant) and the maximum mass of tubers (243.5 g/plant) were obtained with 360.0 and 332.9 mg N dm-3, respectively. Therefore, the mass and number of tubers were not optimized by the same N rate. The critical SPAD index was 38.8 in the fourth leaf, which was more sensitive to the effect of N rates than the oldest leaf.A dose ótima de nitrogênio (N) na cultura da batata depende do sistema de produção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a dose ótima de N para a produção de minitubérculos de batata-semente básica e avaliar o efeito de doses de N sobre índices nitrogenados e fisiológicos determinados na folha mais jovem completamente desenvolvida (quarta folha) e na folha mais velha da planta, aos 60 dias após o plantio. O experimento foi realizado em ambiente protegido, no Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por cinco doses de N (0, 45, 90, 180 e 360 mg dm-3), sendo 10% de cada dose aplicada em pré-plantio e o restante via água de irrigação, diariamente, por 30 dias. As doses de N influenciaram positivamente os índices fisiológicos (comprimento, largura, área foliar, número de folíolos, massas de matérias fresca e seca) e nitrogenados (teor e conteúdo de N e N-NO3 na matéria seca e índice SPAD) tanto na quarta folha quanto na folha velha. Da mesma forma, doses de N influenciaram positivamente o número e a massa de tubérculos colhidos. O maior número (5,44 tub
ISSN:0034-737X
2177-3491