Metacognitive Differences in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Healthy Cognition: A Cross-Sectional Study Employing Online Measures

This study aimed to examine metacognitive abilities in individuals diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) by using online metacognitive measures during cognitive tasks. A total of 100 participants were enrolled, all aged 50 or older (mean age = 61.98; SD = 6.27), and with a minimum...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of intelligence 2023-09, Vol.11 (9), p.184
Main Authors: Bampa, Grigoria, Tsolaki, Magdalini, Moraitou, Despina, Metallidou, Panagiota, Masoura, Elvira, Mintziviri, Maria, Paparis, Konstantinos, Tsourou, Dorothea, Papantoniou, Georgia, Sofologi, Maria, Papaliagkas, Vasileios, Kougioumtzis, Georgios, Papatzikis, Efthymios
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accuracy
Adults
Alzheimer's disease
Brown, Gary
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
Confidence
Cross-sectional studies
executive functions
feeling of confidence
Memory
Metacognition
metacognitive control
metacognitive monitoring
mild cognitive impairment
Older people
Recall
Semantics
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Summary:This study aimed to examine metacognitive abilities in individuals diagnosed with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) by using online metacognitive measures during cognitive tasks. A total of 100 participants were enrolled, all aged 50 or older (mean age = 61.98; SD = 6.27), and with a minimum of six years of education (mean = 14.95; SD = 2.94). The sample included 50 individuals with aMCI (34 females) and 50 healthy controls (HC) (33 females). Both groups underwent metacognitive versions of memory tasks (Doors and People) and executive functions tasks (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test). Metacognition was assessed through confidence ratings given after each answer (referred to as metacognitive monitoring) and the accuracy of the participants’ decisions to include or exclude answers from their final scores (known as metacognitive control). The results showed that although individuals with aMCI were aware of their cognitive limitations—evidenced by their lower confidence ratings across all tasks—they still exhibited overconfidence relative to their actual performance. Moreover, they included a greater number of incorrect answers in their final scores compared to the healthy control group. These findings suggest that while individuals with aMCI retain some level of awareness, their self-evaluations appear to lack precision. This observation was consistent across both types of cognitive tasks. The results underscore the need for additional research to better understand metacognition in MCI as well as the interplay between metacognitive monitoring and control.
ISSN:2079-3200
2079-3200
DOI:10.3390/jintelligence11090184