High-level resistance to non-nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitor based first-line antiretroviral therapy in Ghana; A 2017 study

Expanding access to effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a major tool for management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. However, rising levels of HIV drug-resistance have significantly hampered the anticipated success of ART in persons living with HIV (PLWH), particularly those fr...

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Published in:Frontiers in microbiology 2022-08, Vol.13, p.973771-973771
Main Authors: Parbie, Prince Kofi, Abana, Christopher Zaab-Yen, Kushitor, Dennis, Asigbee, Theodore Worlanyo, Ntim, Nana Afia Asante, Addo-Tetebo, Gifty, Ansong, Maclean Richard Darko, Ofori, Sampson Badu, Mizutani, Taketoshi, Runtuwene, Lucky Ronald, Nishizawa, Masako, Ishikawa, Koichi, Kiyono, Hiroshi, Ampofo, William Kwabena, Matano, Tetsuro, Bonney, Evelyn Yayra, Kikuchi, Tadashi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
drug resistance
Ghana
HIV-1
Microbiology
non-nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
protease inhibitors
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Summary:Expanding access to effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a major tool for management of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. However, rising levels of HIV drug-resistance have significantly hampered the anticipated success of ART in persons living with HIV (PLWH), particularly those from Africa. Though great strides have been made in Ghana toward achieving the UNAIDS “95-95-95” target, a substantial number of PLWH receiving ART have not attained viral suppression. This study investigated patterns of drug resistance mutations in ART naïve as well as ART-experienced PLWH receiving first-line regimen drugs from Ghana. In a cross-sectional study, blood samples were collected from HIV-1 infected adults (≥18 years) attending HIV/AIDS clinic at the Eastern Regional Hospital, Koforidua, Ghana from September to October 2017. Viral RNA isolated from plasma were subjected to genotypic drug resistance testing for Protease Inhibitors (PI), Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (RTI), and Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (INSTI). A total of 95 (84 ART experienced, 11 ART naïve) HIV-1 infected participants were sampled in this study. Sixty percent (50/84) of the ART-experienced participants were controlling viremia (viral load 
ISSN:1664-302X
1664-302X
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2022.973771