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Exercise prescription in patients with cirrhosis: Recommendations for clinical practice

Exercise in cirrhosis of the liver is an emerging topic in hepatology. Despite the known benefits of exercise in the general population, there are currently few studies addressing that issue in relation to cirrhosis and more evidence is still needed. Even though some studies have reported an acute,...

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Published in:Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition) 2019-07, Vol.84 (3), p.326-343
Main Authors: Macías-Rodríguez, R.U., Ruiz-Margáin, A., Román-Calleja, B.M., Moreno-Tavarez, E., Weber-Sangri, L., González-Arellano, M.F., Fernández-del-Rivero, G., Ramírez-Soto, K.
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Language:English
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Summary:Exercise in cirrhosis of the liver is an emerging topic in hepatology. Despite the known benefits of exercise in the general population, there are currently few studies addressing that issue in relation to cirrhosis and more evidence is still needed. Even though some studies have reported an acute, exercise-induced increase in the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG), the opposite (a decrease in the HVPG) has been shown by recent data after an exercise program carried out for>14 weeks. In addition to that benefit, improvement has been described in the metabolic profile, quality of life, muscle mass, cardiopulmonary function, and nutritional status. Together, those features make exercise in cirrhosis a very attractive intervention. However, certain aspects must be taken into account before prescribing exercise in that population and they include cardiovascular risk, musculoskeletal disorders, and complications related to cirrhosis. After considering those factors, an individually tailored exercise program should be developed for each patient, according to the points stated above and the desired goal. Information about exercise-limiting factors, type of exercise prescribed, monitoring methods, and concomitant nutritional therapy is provided in the present review. El ejercicio en la cirrosis hepática es un tópico emergente en hepatología. A pesar de los beneficios conocidos del ejercicio en la población general, actualmente hay pocos estudios que aborden este tema en la cirrosis y aún se necesita más evidencia. Aunque algunos estudios han mencionado un aumento agudo en el gradiente de presión venosa hepática (HVPG) inducido por el ejercicio, existen datos actuales que muestran lo contrario (una disminución en HVPG) después de un programa de ejercicio durante>14 semanas. Además de este beneficio, se han descrito mejorías en el perfil metabólico, la calidad de vida, la masa muscular, la función cardiopulmonar y el estado nutricional. En conjunto, esto hace que el ejercicio en la cirrosis sea una intervención muy atractiva. Sin embargo, ciertas consideraciones deben tenerse en cuenta antes de prescribir ejercicio en esta población, incluido el riesgo cardiovascular, la enfermedad osteomuscular y las complicaciones relacionadas con la cirrosis. Después de considerar estos factores, se debe estructurar un programa de ejercicio individualizado en cada paciente, de acuerdo con lo anterior y el objetivo que se busque. En esta revisión se presenta la información so
ISSN:2255-534X
2255-534X
DOI:10.1016/j.rgmxen.2019.02.013