Antarctic krill extracts enhance muscle regeneration and muscle function via mammalian target of rapamycin regulation

[Display omitted] •Antarctic krill extracts enhance myogenesis in mTOR dependent manner.•Antarctic krill extracts promoted muscle regeneration and grip strength in BaCl2-injured muscles in an mTOR-dependent manner.•N-eicosapentanoyl phenylalanine is identified as the bioactive compound in Antarctic...

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Published in:Journal of functional foods 2023-04, Vol.103, p.105483, Article 105483
Main Authors: Lee, Seongmin, Baek, Mi-Ock, Khaliq, Sana Abdul, Parveen, Amna, Kim, Sun Yeou, Kim, Jin-Hyoung, Kim, Il-Chan, Yoon, Mee-Sup
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antarctic krill extracts
apoptosis
bioactive compounds
cell cycle
Euphausia superba
insulin-like growth factor II
mammals
mass spectrometry
metabolites
mTOR
muscle development
muscle strength
muscle tissues
muscles
myoblasts
N-eicosapentanoyl phenylalanine
phenylalanine
rapamycin
Sarcopenia
surface area
therapeutics
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Antarctic krill extracts enhance myogenesis in mTOR dependent manner.•Antarctic krill extracts promoted muscle regeneration and grip strength in BaCl2-injured muscles in an mTOR-dependent manner.•N-eicosapentanoyl phenylalanine is identified as the bioactive compound in Antarctic krill extracts using mass-spectrometry analysis.•We propose using Antarctic krill extracts to develop novel treatments against sarcopenia in aged groups. Sarcopenia is a degenerative disease involving decreases in muscle mass and muscle strength. There is no effective therapeutic target or treatment for sarcopenia. Here, we isolated a new metabolite from Antarctic krill extracts (AKEs) and investigated whether AKEs promote muscle regeneration. The AKEs increased the muscle enhancer-reporter activity of insulin-like growth factor 2 as well as myogenic fusion during C2C12 myoblast differentiation in an mTOR-dependent manner but did not affect the cell cycle or apoptosis. When BaCl2-injured tibialis anterior muscles were injected with the extracts, the central surface area of centrally nucleated regenerating muscle fibers and the grip strength of regenerated muscles were enhanced. Finally, we identified N-eicosapentanoyl phenylalanine as the bioactive compound in AKEs using mass spectrometry analysis. Our results suggest that AKEs augment muscle regeneration by increasing mTOR signaling. Thus, the extracts may be useful for developing treatments for sarcopenia.
ISSN:1756-4646
2214-9414
DOI:10.1016/j.jff.2023.105483