Biomechanical Role and Motion Contribution of Ligaments and Bony Constraints in the Elbow Stability: A Preliminary Study

In flexion-extension motion, the interaction of several ligaments and bones characterizes the elbow joint stability. The aim of this preliminary study was to quantify the relative motion of the ulna with respect to the humerus in two human upper limbs specimens and to investigate the constraints rol...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioengineering (Basel) 2019-08, Vol.6 (3), p.68
Main Authors: Panero, Elisa, Gastaldi, Laura, Terzini, Mara, Bignardi, Cristina, Sard, Arman, Pastorelli, Stefano
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioengineering
biomechanical analysis
Biomechanics
Biomedical materials
Bones
cluster markers set
Communication
Compression
coronoid process
Data analysis
Deflection
Elbow
Elbow (anatomy)
elbow instability
Experiments
Human motion
Humerus
Joints (anatomy)
Ligaments
Motion capture
Motion stability
Orthopedics
Osteotomy
posterior medial collateral ligament
Roles
specimens
Ulna
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Summary:In flexion-extension motion, the interaction of several ligaments and bones characterizes the elbow joint stability. The aim of this preliminary study was to quantify the relative motion of the ulna with respect to the humerus in two human upper limbs specimens and to investigate the constraints role for maintaining the elbow joint stability in different section conditions. Two clusters of four markers were fixed respectively to the ulna and humerus, and their trajectory was recorded by a motion capture system during functional orthopedic maneuver. Considering the posterior bundle of medial collateral complex (pMUCL) and the coronoid, two section sequences were executed. The orthopedic maneuver of compression, pronation and varus force was repeated at 30°, 60° and 90° flexion for the functional investigation of constraints. Ulna deflection was compared to a baseline elbow flexion condition. With respect to the intact elbow, the coronoid osteotomy influences the elbow stability at 90° (deflection = 11.49 ± 17.39 mm), while small differences occur at 30° and 60°, due to ligaments constraint. The contemporary pMUCL section and coronoid osteotomy causes elbow instability, with large deflection at 30° (deflection = 34.40 ± 9.10 mm), 60° (deflection = 45.41 ± 18.47 mm) and 90° (deflection = 52.16 ± 21.92 mm). Surgeons may consider the pMUCL reconstruction in case of unfixable coronoid fracture.
ISSN:2306-5354
2306-5354
DOI:10.3390/bioengineering6030068