Visual outcomes and safety profile of intraocular lens implantation versus aphakia in children with microspherophakia with no subluxation

• Published in: BMJ open ophthalmology 2023-01, Vol.8 (1), p.e001049
• Main Authors: Chattannavar, Goura, Mohamed, Ashik, Malgi, Vishwesh, Kekunnaya, Ramesh
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anterior Chamber; Aphakia, Postcataract - surgery; Biometrics; Case reports; Cataracts; Child; child health (paediatrics); Cornea; Endothelium; Follow-Up Studies; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular lenses; Joint Dislocations - complications; Laboratories; lens and zonules; Lens Implantation, Intraocular - adverse effects; Male; Myopia; Paediatric Ophthalmology; Patients; Postoperative Complications - etiology; Retrospective Studies; Surgery; Visual Acuity
• ISSN: 2397-3269; 2397-3269
• DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2022-001049

ObjectiveTo study the visual, refractive and surgical outcomes of intraocular lens (IOL) implantation versus aphakia in children with microspherophakia.DesignRetrospective, comparative, non-randomised interventional study.MethodsAll consecutive children with microspherophakia who satisfied the inclusion criteria were included. The eyes that underwent in-the-bag IOL implantation and those that were left aphakic were included in groups A and B, respectively. The postoperative visual outcomes, IOL stability and complications during the follow-up period were studied.Results22 eyes (13 patients, male 76%), of which 12 eyes were in group A and 10 eyes in group B. The mean±SE of age at surgery was 9.4±1.4 and 7.3±0.9 years in group A and group B, respectively (p value 0.18). The mean follow-up of group A was 0.9±0.4 years (median 0.5 years; Q1 0.04, Q3 2.16) and group B was 1.3±0.9 years (median 0.147 years; Q1 0.08, Q3 0.39) (p value 0.76). All the baseline biometric variables including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were comparable in each group. The final BCVA in logMAR adjusted for follow-up was comparable in both group A (0.29±0.06) and group B (0.52±0.09) (p value 0.06). Mean predictive error of IOL power in microspherophakia was 0.17±0.43.The most common complication in group A was visual axis opacification of two eyes (16.7%, 95% CI 2.9% to 49.1%), of which one eye (8.3%, 95% CI 0.4% to 40.2%) needed membranectomy. Vitreous in anterior chamber was the most common complication in group B, seen in two eyes (20%, 95% CI 3.5% to 55.8%), of which one eye (10%, 95% CI 0.5% to 45.9%) underwent YAG laser vitreolysis. The survival analysis (p value 0.18) was comparable in each group.ConclusionIn-the-bag IOL is an option, which can be considered in selected cases of microspherophakia in developing nations where regular follow-up and economic constraints are a major concern.