Effects of self-management interventions based on the COM-B model on peri-implant condition in older adults with periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial

• Published in: BMC oral health 2024-10, Vol.24 (1), p.1267-11, Article 1267
• Main Authors: Hu, Meichun, Yu, Liuping, Cao, Yannan, Ding, Zhuang, Ma, Hong, Gao, Yufeng, Zhu, Fangyong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Aged patients; Analysis; Care and treatment; Clinical trials; COM-B model; Data collection; Dental implantation; Dental Implants; Dental plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Dentists; Diabetes; Diet; Evaluation; Female; Gingival index; Gum disease; Health behavior; Health education; Health Education, Dental - methods; Hospitals; Humans; Implant dentures; Intervention; Likert scale; Male; Management; Middle Aged; Mucositis; Older people; Oral hygiene; Patient outcomes; Patients; Peri-Implantitis - therapy; Periodontal Index; Periodontitis; Periodontitis - therapy; Plaque index; Questionnaires; Registration; Risk reduction behavior; Self Efficacy; Self-care, Health; Self-management; Self-Management - methods
• ISSN: 1472-6831; 1472-6831
• DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-05064-1

This study evaluated the impact of self-management interventions based on the COM-B model on peri-implant conditions in older adults with periodontitis. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 (control group) received only an oral health education (OHE) pamphlet. Group 2 (test group) performed a self-management intervention based on the COM-B model. Each patient was examined for the most inflammatory implant. The measurement parameters included self-efficacy, self-management ability, and clinical indicators such as probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), modified gingival index (mGI), modified plaque index (mPI), and peri-implant mucositis severity score (PMSS). The data was collected at baseline, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. 42 patients underwent testing for 3 months. After 12 weeks, the improvement of self-efficacy, self-management ability, and the reduction of BOP, mPI, and PMSS in the test group was significantly higher than in the control group. The study suggests that self-management interventions based on the COM-B model can enhance the self-management ability of older adults with periodontitis and reduce peri-implant inflammation. This method is more effective than distributing OHE pamphlets. The randomized controlled clinical trial was registered on Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2400082660, Date: 03/04/2024).