Design, synthesis, characterization of ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid amide derivatives as an antibacterial/antioxidant agent

• Published in: Pharmaceutical Science Advances 2024-12, Vol.2, p.100023, Article 100023
• Main Authors: Halpani, Chandani G., Mishra, Satyendra
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amide derivatives; Antibacterial; Antioxidant; Ferulic acid; p-Coumaric acid
• ISSN: 2773-2169; 2773-2169
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pscia.2023.100023

Ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid, cinnamic derivatives of phenolic acid, have antibacterial, prooxidant, and antioxidant effects. In this study ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid amide derivatives were investigated for their antibacterial and antioxidant properties are described in this communication. The most effective conjugates against B subtilis were 5b (IC50: 215 ​± ​1.3 ​μM) and 4d (IC50: 336 ​± ​2.7 ​μM) and against P. aeruginosa were 4b (IC50: 365 ​± ​2.8 ​μM) and 5b (IC50: 341 ​± ​3.6 ​μM), whereas the none of conjugates were more effective against E. coli than reference Kanamycin. Conjugates 5b was the most effective against B subtilis of all the synthesized conjugates, with IC50 values of (IC50: 215 ​± ​1.3 ​μM). The free radical scavenging capacity of each compound was determined using the DPPH and ABTS assays. Conjugates 4b (IC50: 53 ​± ​3.6 ​μM), 4c (IC50: 58 ​± ​1.3 ​μM), 4d (IC50: 57 ​± ​2.5 ​μM), 5b (IC50: 29 ​± ​1.5 ​μM) and 4a (IC50: 56 ​± ​4.3 ​μM) have greater antioxidant capacity than ferulic acid and ascorbic acid in the DPPH assay. Whereas in the ABTS assay, compounds 4b (IC50: 7 ​± ​1.8 ​μM), 5b (IC50: 5 ​± ​0.7 ​μM), 4a (IC50: 9 ​± ​3.2 ​μM), 4g (IC50: 7 ​± ​2.3 ​μM), and 5a (IC50: 8 ​± ​4.3 ​μM) showed more antioxidant activity than ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid and ascorbic acid. Thus, a large library of compounds derived from bile acid can be easily synthesized for extensive structure-activity relationship studies in order to identify the most appropriate antibacterial and antioxidant agents.