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Nitrogen fertilization on the agro-economic performance of sesame in the Brazilian semiarid

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agro-economic performance of sesame (Sesamum indicum) under nitrogen fertigation in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with four replicates, and the treatments were arranged in a split-plot...

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Published in:Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira 2021-01, Vol.56
Main Authors: Santos, Manoel Galdino dos, Souza, Ênio Gomes Flôr, Souza, Leonardo Vieira de, Pereira, Luiz Aurelio Freitas, Souza, Almir Rogerio Evangelista de, Barros Júnior, Aurélio Paes, Bezerra Neto, Francisco, Silveira, Lindomar Maria da
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Language:English
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Summary:The objective of this work was to evaluate the agro-economic performance of sesame (Sesamum indicum) under nitrogen fertigation in the semiarid region of Northeastern Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks with four replicates, and the treatments were arranged in a split-plot, where the plots were assigned five N rates (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg ha-1) and the sub-plots were represented by four sesame genotypes ('CNPA G2', 'CNPA G3', 'CNPA G4', and 'BRS Seda'). The following variables were evaluated in two agricultural harvests in 2016: gross and net incomes, rate of return, and profit margin. In both harvests, there was a variation in production costs between N rates. In the second harvest, the highest values of net income were achieved with 120 kg ha-1 N fertigation, being: R$7,428.36 ha-1 for 'CNPA G2', R$8,630.74 ha-1 for 'CNPA G3', R$9,828.64 ha-1 for 'CNPA G4', and R$8,354.06 ha-1 for 'BRS Seda'. Increasing N rates provide an increase in the gross income, net income, rate of return, and profit margin for sesame producers. Fertigation with 120 kg ha-1 N provides the maximum agro-economic performance for sesame, whereas the 'CNPA G4' genotype shows the greatest agro-economic efficiency. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agroeconômico do gergelim (Sesamum indicum) sob fertirrigação com nitrogênio na região semiárida do Nordeste brasileiro. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, e os tratamentos foram dispostos em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas, em que as parcelas receberam cinco doses de N (0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1) e as subparcelas foram representadas por quatro genótipos de gergelim ('CNPA G2', 'CNPA G3', 'CNPA G4' e 'BRS Seda'). As seguintes variáveis foram avaliadas em duas safras agrícolas, em 2016: rendas bruta e líquida, taxa de retorno e margem de lucro. Nas duas safras, houve variação nos custos de produção entre as doses de N. Na segunda safra, os maiores valores de renda líquida foram obtidos com 120 kg ha-1 de fertirrigação com N, a saber: R$ 7.428,36 ha-1 para 'CNPA G2', R$ 8.630,74 ha-1 para 'CNPA G3', R$ 9.828,64 ha-1 para 'CNPA G4' e R$ 8.354,06 ha-1 para 'BRS Seda'. Doses crescentes de N proporcionam aumento na renda bruta, na renda líquida, na taxa de retorno e no índice de lucratividade para produtores de gergelim. A fertirrigação com 120 kg ha-1 de N proporciona o máximo desempenho agroeconômico para o gergelim, enquanto o genótipo 'CNPA G4' apre
ISSN:0100-204X
1678-3921
1678-3921
DOI:10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2021.v56.01928