Exploration of drug therapy related problems in a general medicine ward of a tertiary care hospital of Eastern Nepal

• Published in: Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy 2024-12, Vol.16, p.100528, Article 100528
• Main Authors: Thapa, Rahi Bikram, Dahal, Prasanna, Karki, Subash, Mainali, Uttar Kumar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Drug related problems; Inappropriate prescribing; Nepal; Polypharmacy; Rational drug therapy
• ISSN: 2667-2766; 2667-2766
• DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2024.100528

Inpatients are at higher risk of Drug Therapy Related Problems (DTRPs), and early identification and management of these DTRPs is crucial for optimal treatment outcomes and ensuring rational drug therapy. This study aims to assess DTRPs in a general medicine ward of a tertiary care hospital in eastern Nepal. A three-month prospective observational study was conducted on inpatients admitted to the general medicine ward of the hospital. Pharmacists routinely performed patient drug therapy reviews, by which suspected DTRPs were identified and recorded as per the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe Association (PCNE) v.9.1 guidelines. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influence of predictor variables on the occurrence of DTRPs. A total of 301 inpatients were enrolled, out of which 233 (77.4%) had one or more DTRPs. Altogether, 528 DTRPs with an average of 2.27 ± 0.92 DTRPs per patient were identified. The primary causes of the DTRPs were drug selection (40.47%), treatment duration (16.71%), dispensing (15.75%), and dose selection (13.12%). Antimicrobials were involved in 55.18% of the DTRPs. DTRPs were more prevalent in elderly, comorbid patients, patients with longer hospital stay days, and polypharmacy, which was statistically significant (p