Cross-Protection of Dengue Virus Infection against Congenital Zika Syndrome, Northeastern Brazil

The Zika virus outbreak in Latin America resulted in congenital malformations, called congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). For unknown reasons, CZS incidence was highest in northeastern Brazil; one potential explanation is that dengue virus (DENV)-mediated immune enhancement may promote CZS development....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Emerging infectious diseases 2019-08, Vol.25 (8), p.1485-1493
Main Authors: Pedroso, Celia, Fischer, Carlo, Feldmann, Marie, Sarno, Manoel, Luz, Estela, Moreira-Soto, Andrés, Cabral, Renata, Netto, Eduardo Martins, Brites, Carlos, Kümmerer, Beate M, Drexler, Jan Felix
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
antibody-dependent enhancement
Birth defects
Brazil
Brazil - epidemiology
cross protection
Cross Protection - immunology
Cross-Protection of Dengue Virus Infection against Congenital Zika Syndrome, Northeastern Brazil
Dengue - epidemiology
Dengue - history
Dengue - immunology
Dengue virus
Dengue Virus - classification
Dengue Virus - genetics
Dengue Virus - immunology
Female
flaviviridae
Genetic disorders
Genomes
Genomics
History, 20th Century
History, 21st Century
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical - prevention & control
Newborn infants
Phylogeny
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious - epidemiology
Prevalence
Public Health Surveillance
Serogroup
Time Factors
Zika virus
Zika Virus - immunology
Zika Virus Infection - epidemiology
Zika Virus Infection - history
Zika Virus Infection - prevention & control
Zika Virus Infection - transmission
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Summary:The Zika virus outbreak in Latin America resulted in congenital malformations, called congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). For unknown reasons, CZS incidence was highest in northeastern Brazil; one potential explanation is that dengue virus (DENV)-mediated immune enhancement may promote CZS development. In contrast, our analyses of historical DENV genomic data refuted the hypothesis that unique genome signatures for northeastern Brazil explain the uneven dispersion of CZS cases. To confirm our findings, we performed serotype-specific DENV neutralization tests in a case-control framework in northeastern Brazil among 29 Zika virus-seropositive mothers of neonates with CZS and 108 Zika virus-seropositive control mothers. Neutralization titers did not differ significantly between groups. In contrast, DENV seroprevalence and median number of neutralized serotypes were significantly lower among the mothers of neonates with CZS. Supported by model analyses, our results suggest that multitypic DENV infection may protect from, rather than enhance, development of CZS.
ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid2508.190113