The Effects of High-Intensity, Short-Duration and Low-Intensity, Long-Duration Hamstrings Static Stretching on Contralateral Limb Performance

• Published in: Sports (Basel) 2024-09, Vol.12 (9), p.257
• Main Authors: Philpott, Emily J, Bahrami, Mohammadmahdi, Sardroodian, Mahta, Behm, David G
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Electromyography; Females; flexibility; Hamstring muscles; Influence; Intervention; Joints; Leg; maximal voluntary isometric contraction; muscle activation; Muscle contraction; Muscle strength; Physiological aspects; Range of motion; Strain gauges; Strength training; stretch tolerance; Stretching exercises
• ISSN: 2075-4663; 2075-4663
• DOI: 10.3390/sports12090257

Increases in contralateral range of motion (ROM) have been shown following acute high-intensity and high-duration static stretching (SS) with no significant change in contralateral force, power, and muscle activation. There are currently no studies comparing the effects of a high-intensity, short-duration (HISD) or low-intensity, long-duration (LILD) SS on contralateral performance. The aim of this study was to examine how HISD and LILD SS of the dominant leg hamstrings influence contralateral limb performance. Sixteen trained participants (eight females, eight males) completed three SS interventions of the dominant leg hamstrings; (1) HISD (6 × 10 s at maximal point of discomfort), (2) LILD (6 × 30 s at initial point of discomfort), and (3) control. Dominant and non-dominant ROM, maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) forces, muscle activation (electromyography (EMG)), and unilateral CMJ and DJ heights were recorded pre-test and 1 min post-test. There were no significant contralateral ROM or performance changes. Following the HISD condition, the post-test ROM for the stretched leg (110.6 ± 12.6°) exceeded the pre-test (106.0 ± 9.0°) by a small magnitude effect of 4.2% ( = 0.008, d = 0.42). With LILD, the stretched leg post-test (112.2 ± 16.5°) exceeded (2.6%, = 0.06, d = 0.18) the pre-test ROM (109.3 ± 16.2°) by a non-significant, trivial magnitude. There were large magnitude impairments, evidenced by main effects for testing time for force, instantaneous strength, and associated EMG. A significant ROM interaction ( = 0.02) showed that with LILD, the stretched leg significantly ( = 0.05) exceeded the contralateral leg by 13.4% post-test. The results showing no significant increase in contralateral ROM with either HISD or LILD SS, suggesting the interventions may not have been effective in promoting crossover effects.